TWENTY 



How We 

 Dig Our 

 Large 

 Nursery 

 Trees 



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This irooi is 20 feet long, and came from an Elm about 14 inches in diameter. 

 It reached much further than the branches. 



HESE methods of digging the roots we have invented, and trained our men 

 their use. The trees then are not robbed of two -thirds of their feeders, 

 course, a few get broken or 

 bruised, and it is not practi- 

 cal to start at the ultimate 

 end of all the roots. 



A trench is started near the outer end 

 of the roots, and undercut below them. 

 This is essential or roots are damaged. 



We claim that more fibrous roots are 

 produced on our trees than on trees in 

 nearly all other nurseries. The reason is 

 that this is a loamy soil, underlaid by sand 

 and gravel. The roots subdivide and 

 ramify through this soil. In a clay or clay- 

 loam soil the roots do not divide into so 

 many small fibers. Most nurseries, having 

 been developed as fruit-tree nurseries, are 

 on the latter type of soil, where the tops 

 of fruit trees grow straighter and more 

 quickly than on soil like ours, but with 

 much less fibrous roots. Impartial testimony 

 on this point is contained in "Soil Survey 

 of the Long Island Area," by J. A. Bon- 

 steel, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Even 

 those trees which normally develop tap- 

 roots have been forced to a shallow feeding 

 system, for in few cases have any forms 

 of vegetation been able to penetrate the 

 gravel. It limits root development to hor- 

 izontal spreading. Starting to Us^; oi our nursery trees. 



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