Proceedings of Eighth Annual Meeting 39 



vears repeatedly called the attention of the small municipalities to 

 the many mosquito breeding conditions that existed within their 

 boundaries, for which they were entirely responsible. Some of them 

 are now beginning to realize that heaven helps those who help them- 

 selves, even in mosquito work, and also that the mosquito commis- 

 sion was not called into existence for the purpose of eliminating 

 unsanitary conditions which the various boards of the municipalities 

 have neglected to change, or control. 



If it were possible to induce the street departments and the 

 boards of health of the municipalities in which mosquito control 

 work is being done, to co-ordinate with the mosquito commission 

 in eliminating the pools and swamps within their city and borough 

 lines, a great advance in mosquito control work would take place. 

 Usually the street department does or can control the disposal of 

 city waste, which if supervised and intelligently directed at sugges- 

 tions of the mosquito commission, would, within a short time per- 

 manently eliminate ninety per cent, of the conditions that furnish 

 mosquito annoyance in the cities and boroughs. 



Complete success in mosquito control work is mainly dependent 

 upon effective co-ordination of city and borough departments. In 

 a word, it becomes a vital part of the cities' and boroughs' sanitary 

 progress. It is an economic question in the interest of health and 

 comfort to their people. But there are none so blind as those who 

 will not see. 



We can sum up the results of our work for the year 1920 by stat- 

 ing that it furnished exceptional freedom from mosquito annoyance 

 to the people residing within the territory covered by the commis- 

 sion's work. 



President Rider: The next on the program is Essex County, 

 Wilfrid A. Manchee, Vice-President Essex County Extermination 

 Commission. 



Dr. Ralph Hunt : I am sorry to say that Mr. Manchee was 

 unable to get down and he asked me to present the work of the year 

 for Essex County. Now a little brief sketch of the work necessary 

 in Essex County, the territory and the kinds of pests we have may 

 not be out of place. 



Essex County, of course, like other counties, is bothered by three 

 varieties of mosquitoes : first and most important the cantator, the 

 salt marsh mosquito ; next the pipiens, and the third variety, which 

 is the great nuisance, is the sylvestris. Essex County is situated 



