DESCRIPTIONS 



Class V, Tertiary, or Fifth Series. 



nil*. Wo?- Plastic Clay, that kind of clay, generally called 



mation. potter-baker's clay, which will not effervesce with acids. 



When it is white it is called pipe-clay. 

 Plastic clay Localities. On the south side of the bay of Amboy in N. 



in N, Jersey. ^ . ^ ... , 



Jersey in a vast stratum ot many miles m extent. It appears 

 near the water-edge of Lake Champlain at Crown Point, &c. 

 The pipe-clay variety is seen, like a bank of snow, at the 

 west end of Amboy bay. 



Contents of 21. Marly Clay, that kind of clay, which will effer- 

 naarly clay. . . . 



vesce with strong acids. It overlays the plastic clay afore- 

 said, when it embraces, near its lower surface, the lignite, 

 iron-stone, bog-ore, iron pyrites, &c. Farther easji; (in New- 

 Jersey) it embraces a kind of marl, which contains numerous 

 animal remains, both oviparous and viviparous vertebrated, as 

 well as radiated and Molluscous. The marly clay does not 

 generally embrace the marl-beds, which contain organic rel- 

 ics. Even in New-Jersey it contains no organic relics, where 

 the marl-beds are wanting. The iron, both bofj-ore and iron- 

 stone, are found in all parts of this stratum from Lake Cham- 

 plain to Greene county, on the west side of the Hudson, a dis- 

 tance of about 100 miles. 



Very exlcn- Jjocalities. This stratum is almost universal. It is found 

 five. 



in every part of the earth when it is sought in situations 

 where it is not subject to be washed away. It always, proba- 

 bly, contains muri.ite of lime ; consequently, all wells dug in 

 it contain hard waters. 



5. Quart- 22. Marine Sand AND Crag. The sand consists of fine 

 tfon/^^"^^' grains of quartz, not united by adhesion or cement ; but in 



Greg. loose masses which may be poured — the crag consists of peb- 

 bles, clay and loam, either united by a carbonate of lime or 

 iron cement, as puddingstone ; by clay and iron cement, as 

 the hardpan ; or not united, being merely strati jied gravel; or 

 united by adhesion, as the reniform arenaceous concretions near 

 Troy, ou ^reen Island, i&c. 



