41 



VVELDER^^ found Girvaiiclla (?) in a red oolite from the Man-to formation 

 of Chang-hia district,^' Shan-tung ; in this case, Girvanclla tubes are said to 

 have no derect relation to the formation of the ooHtic grains, sometimes being 

 found in their core, and sometimes forming a crust upon them. The reference 

 of the filaments to the genus seems to me somewhat doubtful. Chapman" 

 reported the occurrence of Girvanclla pj'oblciiiatica in a lower Cambrian 

 limestone of Androssan, and others in South Australia. 



It has been stated above that G. prohlcmatica was first described from 

 the Ordovician rocks of Girvan district in Scotland, where it occurs very 

 abundantly in association with Soloiof^ora ; from the Chazy limestone of North 

 America H. M. Seely^' has described Strcphocctus occUatus, which is now 

 usually considered to be identical with Girvanella, and in my former paper, a 

 reference to this species was made based on the figui'e of it given by J. D. 

 Dana in his Manual of Geology^' ; further G. sp. and G. richmondcnsis Miller 

 have been reported from the Ordovician rocks of West Ontario.^'' Schuchert''* 

 also reported Girvani'lla from the Ordovician rocks on the east coast of 

 Behring Strait. 



Girvaitclla tubes were also found in Wenlock limestone at Malvern" and 

 elsewhere in England ; the Girvaiiclla Hmestone is also extensively developed 

 in the Gotlandian of Gotland, as pointed out by Rothpletz.^' Further, G. 

 W. Card^^ and F. Chapman^"' reported its occurrence in the limestone, of the 

 same age, of Victoria and Queensland. 



1) Blackwelder: Petrography in Research in China, \'ol. II. 1907. P. 379, pi. LV., tig. A. 



2) Chang-hia = 3gg; 



3) Chapman: Australian Fossils. 1914. p. 82. 



4) Seely: a New Genus of Chazy Sponges. Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. XXX., p. 355. 1885. 



5) Fourth edition, p. 501, figs. 625, 626. 



6) Cited after Haug: Traite de Geologie, vol. II., pt. i, p. 643. 



7) Wethered: On the Microscopic Structure of the Wenlock Limestone. Q.J. Gfol. Soc. 

 London. Vol. XLIX., p. 236. 1893. 



8) RorHPLETX: Ueber Algen und Hydrozoen im Silur von Gotland und Oesel. K. Svenska 

 Vetenskapsakademiens Handlinger Vol. XLII., No. 5, p. 6. igo8. 



g) Card: Limestones from Lion Oolitic Creek, Stanwell, near Rockhanipton. Geol. Surv. 

 Queensland, Bull., No. 12. igoo. 



10) Chapman: On the Relationship of the Genus Girvanei'.a and its Occurrence in the Silurian 

 Limestone of Victoria. Rep. Ass. Adv. Sci. Adelaid Meeting 1907. 1908. 



11) Wethered: On the Occurrence of the Genus Girvanella in Oolitic Rocks and Remarks on 

 Oolitic Structure. Q. J. Geol. Soc. London, vol. XLVI., p. 270, pi. XI., figs, i, 2. iSgo. 



