3 



interesting Later Tertiary and Pleistocene mmammalian remains desci'ibed by 

 Owen, Koken, Schlosser^^ and Matsumoto,-' and a Younger Tertiary plant 



i) The important localities of Later Tertiary and Pleistocene mammalian fossils in Southern 

 China are, according to M. Schlosser, as follows: 



Pleistocene: Tshung-king-fu, Prov. Sse-ch'uan; I-chang, Prov. Hu-peh (Icess); Prov. Yun-nan 

 (Icsss); Wu-ting-tshou, Prov. Yun-nan (cave); Schi-tsian-fu, Prov. Kuei-tchou (cave); King-jen-fu, 

 Prov. Kuang-si (cave). 



Upper Pliocene: Stegodon beds of Western Kan-su (?), Yun-nan (?) and Fuh-kien (?). 



Lower Pliocene: Red clay with Hipparion of Tschuug-tu-fu, Tsching-king-fu and Tshing-tchou 

 in Prov. Sze-chuan; of Si-ning-fu, Prov. Kan-su; of Tsching-kiang, Prov. Kuan-tung; or Prov. 

 Tsche-kiang. Reddish sand and greyish green marl with Hipparion of Wai-king-fu and Ju-tschou- 

 wei in Prov. Ho-nan; of I-chang and Jun-jang-fu along the river Han, both in Prov. Hu-nan. 



According to Schlosser, the Pleistocene mammalian fossils from China constitute two difterent 

 faunas, one a Icess fauna of the Upper Pleistocene age and the other a cave fauna of the Lower 

 Pleistocene: characteristic to the former are 



Rhinoceros tichorinus 

 Bos primigenius Blum. 

 Cervus mongoliae Gaud. 

 Cervus sp. 



Elephas primigenius Blum. 



Equus sp. 



Bison priscus Boj. 



Cervus cf. aristotelis Cuv. 



Hyaena sinensis Ow. 

 and to the latter 



Ursus aff. japonicus 



a Canidae of wolf-size 



Hyaena sinensis Ow. 



Tapirus sinensis Ow. 



Equus sp. 



Cervus orientalis 



Elephas namadicus Falc. 

 The Upper Pliocene fauna, less manifold in China than in Java, includes 



Stegodon insignis Falc. Pantholopos hundisiensis 



Aceratherium sp. Equus sivalensis Falc. 



Gazella aff. subgutturosa Hyasna macrostoma Lyd. 



On the other hand, the Lower Pliocene mammalian fossils are distinguished by him into two 

 different groups, a steppe and a forest fauna; to the former belong the remains found in the red clay 

 of Prov. Sze-chuan and others, and to the latter those, from the reddish sandstone and variegated 

 marl of the Provinces of Ho-nan, Hu-nan, Hu-pei, etc. 

 Characteristic to the steppe fauna are 



Hyaenactos ? sp. 

 Felis sp. 



Hyasna plicidens 

 Chalicotherium sinense Ow. 

 Sus sp. 



Cervus leptodus Kok. 



Mastodon pandionis 



Aceratherium blanfordi 



Camelopardalis aff. sivalensis Falc. 



Urimiatherium sp. 



Palaeoreas sinensis 



Plesiaddax 



Paraboselaphus 



Rhinoceros habereri 

 Anchitherium zitteli 

 Alcicrphalus sinensis 

 Gazella dorcadoides 

 G. altidens. 

 Tragocerus 

 Strepsiceros 

 Pseudobos 



and to the forest fauna 



Vupes sinensis Schlosser 

 Meles taxipater Schlosser 

 Dipoides majori Schlosser 

 Cervus pi. sp. 



Rhinoceros brancoi Schlosser 

 Equus cf. sivalensis Falc. 

 Tragocerus sylvatica Schlosser 

 Numerous species described by Schlosser are, however, common to the two faunas, though each 

 of them is cerfainly more prominent in one of the faunas than in ths other; thus most of the remains 

 of Hyxna., Palhyiena hipparionum Grev., Mastodon aff. latiden?, Camelopardalis microdon and 

 Hipparion belong to the Steppe fauna: while the greater part of all forms of Suid:e and of Proto- 

 traceros and all the remains of Cervavus belong to the forest fauna. 

 2) Very recently, H. Matsumoto described 



Lutra brachygnatus Schlosser 



Mavhairodus horribilis Schlosser 



Cervavus pi. sp. 



Mastodon lydeekeri 



Ceratorhinus sp. 



Gazella palaeosinensis Schlosser 



