7« 



Lower Carboniferous, just as in the case of the Japanese Permian coral 

 fauna. 



Willis-Blackwelder and Abendanon agree with Richthofen in con- 

 sidering the Hmestone of the I-chang gorge to be the equivalent of that of the 

 Mi-tsang gorge, both belonging to the Wu-shan limestone of Willis-Black- 

 welder ( = the gorge limestone of Abendanon). Noda, on the other hand, 

 maintains that the limestone of the I-chang gorge is lower than that of the 

 Mi-tsang, and corresponds to the upper part of the Ki-sin-ling limestone ( = his 

 Ping-shan limestone) ; this is confirmed, he insists, by the fact that his Upper 

 Clayslate series with a fossiliferous zone is found at Huang-chia-chang, some 

 1 8 km. NE of I-chang. Abendanon likewise rejects the view of Willis and 

 Blackwelder that the Sin-tan shale is developed along the I-chang gorge, 

 and assigns the limestone of the gorge to the Wu-shan limestone, but not to 

 Ki-sing-ling limestone, as Noda does. 



Yamada first and later Fukuchi obtained at San-yu-tung, a village near by, 

 a very bituminous black limestone with numerous pseudo-oolites formed of 

 Girvaiiclla filaments ; it was certainly derived from one of the black limestones 

 in Richthofen's profile cited above. On a former occasion I assigned with 

 doubt the Girvanclla limestone to Upper Carboniferous, following Willis 

 and Blackwelder ; but we now find that the limestone must be at least as 

 old as Ordovician, if we accept the view held by Noda. Since an apparently 

 identical form of Gir: anella was found forming pseudo-oolites in a limestone 

 from Liu-chia-ho, Hsing-shan-hsien, which was collected by Noda in his Upper 

 Clayslate, the Girvanclla limestone from San-yu-tung, is also here referred to 

 Ordovician, and the fossil is treated in Chapter II. of this paper. 



