199 



2. Friable quartz sandstone and shale in alternation. 



1. Variegated shale, with layers of manganiferous clay iron-stone. 



We see, therefore, that the coralline hmestone forms a part of a thick 

 complex of clastic rocks, essentially composed of quariz sandstone and con- 

 glomerate, sometimes intercalating carbonaceous shales. 



RiCHTHOFEN, on the other hand, observed in the Tsu-shan section of the 

 same district, the following succession of rocks (in descending order) ■}'' 

 5. Limestone. 

 4. Coal bearing series. 



/. Dark sandy, carbonaceous shale with a coal seam. 



Brown sandstone with indeterminable plant impressions. 

 d. Grass covered and hidden, 

 r. Black, fossilless siliceous shale. 

 d. Grass-covered. 



a. Black sandstone and limestone in alternation ; the limestone is 

 fossiliferous — Prodnctiis and other brachiopods, bryozoa, a gastro- 

 pod and a tetracoral. Lower Permian according to Frech. 



3. Thick bedded limestone, with numerous flint nodules ; fossiliferous — 

 Fusitliiia richtJiofcni Schvvager — in its upper portion. 



2. Quartz sandstone and conglomerate. 

 I. Granite. 



From the palaeontological evidence, bed 3 and the lower part of the bed 

 4 are surely Lower Permian in age ; hence it follows that the under- 

 lying quartz sandstone and conglomerate may represent the uppermost 

 Carboniferous. 



The comparison of these two sections gives us an idea, whether Nos. 2-4 

 in the Tsu-shan section may not possibly represent all the complexes in the 

 Hsi-hsia-shan section, although Tiessen pointed out another possibility viz., that 

 No. 2 in the former section may be the equivalent of Nos. 6-7 in the latter.'^ 



LoczY also was at Hsi-hsia-shan ; he likewise found there " Carbonkalk 

 and siliceous shale intercalated in a thick complex of quartz sandstone and 



1) RiCHTHOFEN: China, voL III., p. 716. 



2) RiCHTHOFEN: China, vol. III., p. 7^) 3. 



