PHARYNGITIS. 



39 



beneficial influence upon the inflamed mucous membrane, but they 

 should be brought in contact with the parts by means of an atom- 

 izer of suitable construction. Hydrogen peroxide used in the same 

 manner is a very valuable and efficient remedy. — w. L. z.] 



In regard to internal medication we may choose from a number 

 of medicinal agents, but most of them are objectionable. Drinks 

 are absolutely rejected, and it is advisable to be careful in using 

 electuaries, pills, etc. Fever and constipation require some care ; 

 injections of sea-salt and soap may be given. In certain cases 

 hypodermatic injections of eserine are indicated (if there is no 

 dyspnœa), or administration of tartar emetic in drinks; this latter 

 drug is useful in combating fever and constipation. The fever 

 often resists all antifebriles ; and in order to reduce this it will be 

 best to look to external hydrotherapy and cold injections. 



Spinola lays great stress upon the good effects produced by 

 emetics in the early stages of pharyngitis, in animals vomiting 

 easily. 



As complications, we may have to treat pneumonia ; to open the 

 guttural pouches ; to prevent asphyxia, by performing tracheotomy. 

 The latter operation must be done at the proper time, and as the 

 right moment may happen at any time of the day, it is a good 

 precaution to prepare the necessary instruments in advance. 



Pneumonia should be treated according to classical indications ; 

 unhappily it is very seldom brought under control, no matter 

 what is done. 



Pharyngitis of other domestic animals. The symptom- 

 atology of pharyngitis in the horse and ox, which we have just 

 described, applies also in its principal manifestations to that of our 

 other domestic species. It would be diflicult to describe it fully 

 in the latter, as our knowledge on this subject is yet very restricted, 

 and the observations at hand are very few and incomplete. 



1. In the pig. Pharyngitis of the pig, described by Spinola in 

 his Treatise on the Diseases of the Pig, is quite frequent. It is 

 hard to distinguish it from laryngitis. Idiopathic angina must 

 be clearly separated from anthrax-angina. Among its causes 

 Spinola mentions the ingurgitation of very cold water when the 

 body is much overheated, which explains the frequency of this 

 disease in the spring in pigs running in the fields, and those in 

 localities situated along rivers coming from mountainous regions. 

 Mechanical or chemical causes may also produce it. The symp- 



