PHARYNGITIS. 



33 



ÎDjected, sometimes ecchymotic ; in certain places it is the seat of 

 a serous inflammation (œdema of the glottis) ; in others, but espe- 

 cially at the base of the epiglottis, we notice an œdematous inflam- 

 mation. 



Generally the mucous membrane of the Eustachian tubes is 

 thickened ; the guttural pouches are sometimes filled with cheesy 

 pus.' 



As to the bronchial tubes, we often find catarrhal alterations ; 

 occasionally they are full of pus, the mucous membrane is ulcer- 

 ated, and the cartilage exposed. Traumatic pneumonia is not rare ; 

 frequently there exist, associated with foci of gangrenous lobular 

 pneumonia, cavities of the size of a pigeon's egg ; at this point is 

 formed a pleuritic exudate. 



The pituitary mucous membrane is brick -red, dark-red, or 

 violet; it is covered with purulent bloody crusts, and sometimes 

 an exudate presenting a croupous character. According to the 

 location, the surface of the derma is velvety, villous, or rough. 



In certain cases we also find lesions of stomatitis and those of 

 catarrhal enteritis; at the same time the rectum may be the seat of 

 a desquamative superficial inflammation. 



When the disease has developed rapidly the heart undergoes 

 fatty degeneration ; the liver is increased in size, yellowish, and 

 fatty. These, however, are accessory lesions found in all febrile 

 diseases. 



Symptoms. The veterinarian hardly ever has an opportunity 

 to observe the beginning of pharyngitis. Besides, at this time it 

 would be impossible to make a correct diagnosis, for diminution 

 of the appetite and a cough are initial symptoms in many dis- 

 eases. Only after three or four days, when prehension of food is 

 much interfered with, will the owner have his attention called to 

 the trouble. Stiffness of the head, sensibility to pressure of the 

 guttural region, difficulty of deglutition, and the pain provoked 

 by this act, which is shown especially by an extending motion of 

 the head at the time the bolus passes the pharynx, may become 

 so intense as to cause total abstinence from food and drink : these 

 are the signs noticed at that stage. Troublesome and painful 

 mastication and deglutition induce accumulation of a considerable 



1 We have often taken retro -pharyngeal and sub-parotid abscesses jfor a purulent 

 collection in the guttural pouches; this error in diagnosis can only be recognized 

 when the abscess is punctured. — N. D. A, 



3 , 



