230 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 



20. Poisoning hy Laurel {Nerium oleander). 



Symptoms. Gastro-enteritis, abundant diarrhea, bloody excre- 

 ments, colic; weakness, muscular tremblings ; polyuria; small pulse, 

 tumultuous heart-action. 



Autopsy. Lesions of acute gastro-enteritis, with yellowish- 

 brown coloration of the mucous membrane. 



Treatment. Symptomatic. 



Oleandrine and nereine, alkaloids extracted from rose laurels, 

 have the same action as digitalis. 



21. Poisoning hy Rape Cake containing Oil of Mustard. 



Symptoms. Chronic enteritis, meteorism, constipation, diarrhea, 

 bloody excrements ; suppression of the lacteal secretion. Cerebral 

 excitement; forward movements, vertigo (Anacker). Abortion. 



Autopsy. Lesions of hemorrhagic enteritis. 



Treatment. Symptomatic. 



Poisoning from rape cake is at times observed in the ox ; it is 

 due to an irritating oil, similar to oil of mustard, which is formed 

 when the cakes are damp, and which is very dangerous to young 

 animals. The rape cakes are harmless when in a dry condition 

 and after having been cleaned of their oil by means of carbon 

 bisulphide or by prolonged cooking. 



22. Poisoning hy Pepper. 



Symptoms. They are those of gastro-enteritis (in the pig). 

 Autopsy. We detect an inflammation of the mucous membrane 

 of the stomach and intestine. 

 Treatment. Symptomatic. 



23. Poisoning hy Acorns. 



Symptoms. Digestive troubles. In serious cases gastro-enteritis 

 with obstinate constipation ; later, diarrhea, tenesmus, dysentery, 

 bloody discharge through the rectum, and extreme weakness. 

 According to Simonds and Brown, the manifestations of poison- 

 ing by acorns are said to have a great similarity to those of 

 bovine pest. 



Autopsy. Lesions of intense gastro-enteritis, especially will 

 marked in the third stomach ; and excoriations of the buccal mucous 

 membrane. 



