270 



DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 



Autopsy. We find the mucous membrane of the abomasum 

 covered with strongyli and presenting all the symptoms of gastritis 

 or chrooic catarrh. We must remark here, that the strongylus is 

 quickly destroyed, digested, in the cadaver ; it is therefore difficult 

 to find them a certain time after death, and as the autopsy is the 

 only way to determine the diagnosis, it is advisable to make it as 

 soon as possible. 



Symptoms. They are similar to those of tseniasis. We observe 

 the symptoms of anemia, chlorosis, pernicious anemia, with poi- 

 kilocytosis'' ^ (Wernicke), gastric derangements, diarrhea, progres- 

 sive emaciation, finally an extreme weakness and cachexia. 



Treatment. Chabot's empyreumatic oil and picrate of potash 

 (Kabe) in a dose of 0.1 to 0.3 gramme are the most efficient agents. 



The other species of strongylus are of secondary importance. In 

 sheep, the Sderostoma hypostomum may produce digestive troubles^ 

 simulating slight colics. At the autopsy we have found the small 

 intestine full of small punctiform hemorrhages ; the intestinal con- 

 tents were of chocolate-brown color. In the dog, the Uncinaria 

 trigonocephala sometimes produces a serious enteritis. Grassi has 

 described in the cat an affection produced by this parasite, and 

 marked by an intense diarrhea, obstinate vomitings, emaciation, 

 weakness, anemia, etc. In the pig, and in poultry, the symptoms 

 are nearly similar. 



Uncinariosis : Pernicious Anemia of Hunting- hounds. 



Under the terms Pernicious anemia of hunting-dogs, Nose-bleed^ 

 Ankylostomiasis, Uncinariosis, we designate a parasitic disease of the 

 dog, caused by Dochmius trigonocephala ( Uncinaria trigonocephala, 

 Rud.), complicated by Uncinaria stenocephala (Raill.), and charac- 

 terized by manifestations which, until recently, have been ascribed 

 to essential anemia and cachexia. 



It is only found in hunting-dogs, and is especially frequent in 

 those living in packs. The age, constitution, and nature have no 

 influence upon its development. The animals contract it by lap- 

 ping water from certain pools, or trenches within the kennel, which 

 contain the larvse of the worms. 



1 Alteration of the blood characterized by a mixture with the red blood-corpuscles 

 of reddish-yellow cells, isolated from one another and larger than normal globules, 

 and some of which are spherical, others leaf-shaped, scutiform, pyriform, or elaviform 

 (Neumann). — n. d. t. 



