386 DISEASES OF THE URINARY APPARATUS. 



the urine. Anthrax may also be complicated by hematuria and 

 hemoglobinuria, but the general course of the disease, with the 

 examination of the blood, etc., enables the practitioner to express 

 himself with certaiuty. In morbid conditions of the liver and in 

 hematogenic icterus, whilst yellow-brown coloration of the urine 

 might lead us to suspect the presence of hemoglobin in this fluid, 

 the demonstration of the coloring matters of the bile indicates these 

 affections.^ 



Treatment. Prophylaxis is of primary importance. We must 

 not lead the animals to the pasture before the favorable season, and 

 must avoid crowding in the stables. The beasts should get dry 

 food daily before leaving the stable. Agricultural improvements, 

 with the tendency to create native and more resisting races of 

 animals, are means which may lessen considerably the frequency 

 of hemoglobinuria. 



As soon as the disease has made its appearance the herd ought 

 to be kept in the stable. The trouble itself is very hard to reach ; 

 we are limited in the practice of symptomatic medicine. The con- 

 stipation of the early stages may be combated by laxatives, and 

 diarrhea by styptics (sulphate of iron, 15 to 25 grammes; alum, 

 15 to 25 grammes; tannin, 15 to 25 grammes; sugar of lead, 2 to- 

 5 grammes ; opium, 10 to 20 grammes, etc.) ; we may also try 

 pulverized iron (2 to 5 grammes). Bleeding must be proscribed, 

 especially when the disease has existed for some time and when 

 anemia is much marked (Stockfleth, Gerlach). In serious cases 

 we might try blood transfusion (Stockfleth). 



Hemoglobinemia of other animals. Hemoglobinemia has- 

 been observed in small ruminants, in the mule (Arloing), in the 

 dog after a cold (Saur), in the zebra (Johne), and in the pig. In a 

 pig which was transported a distance of eight kilometres when the 

 temperature was 25° to 27° below zero, the urine became albuminous- 

 and dark ; the bacon showed a yellow tint after the slaughtering of 

 the beast. ^ ♦ 



1 Dealers who suspect the existence of hematuria in subjects exposed for sale ex- 

 amine for the disease in the following manner: With the back of the index finger 

 they rub successively upward and downward that part of the perineum which touches 

 the vulva. Under the influence of this kind of masturbation, which must act upon 

 the clitoris, the animal stretches itself and passes water. By the color of the rejected 

 liquid they judge at once whether or not the cow is affected by hematuria (Eloire). — 



N. D. T. 



2 Utz : Bad. Mittheil., 1884. 



