430 



DISEASES OF THE GENITAL ORGANS. 



ternal administration of alkalines, especially of soda, is very useful ; 

 we could not say tiie same of acids, which are, however, advised by 

 seme authors. Harms recommends : mixture of fennel and sulphide 

 of antimony, of each 400 grammes, to make six doses, to be given 

 morning and evening. Affections of the digestive apparatus, of 

 the udder, etc., must be the object of special treatment. 



The cause of the coagulation of milk was discovered in 1857 by 

 Pasteur ; it is the lactic ferment which transforms the sugar into 

 lactic acid, which determines the acidity of the milk and its coagu- 

 lation. Lister, who has given to this organism the name of Bac- 

 terium lactis, has observed that a number of other micro-organisms 

 produce the acidity of the milk ; according to recent researches they 

 are: the microcoGCiis of osteomyelitis, the Staphylococcus albus, S, 

 citreus, 8. cereus alhus, 8. cereus flavus, Streptococcus pyogenes,. 

 Bacillus pyogenes fœtidus, Streptococus erysipelatosus, Bacterium 

 lactis acidi, Micrococcus et Sphœroccccus lactis acidi, Bacterium lactis 

 aërogenes, Micrococcus ovalis, and the Streptococcus coli gracilis. 



5. Milk which Does Not Produce any Butter. 



Etiology. Besides the mistakes which may be made in the 

 preparation of the butter, the principal causes of this anomaly are : 

 the diseases of the digestive organs and certain general morbid 

 conditions, nourishment composed of poor or bad quality of food 

 (turnip leaves), udder trouble (in advanced gestation), great heat 

 or cold, and various alterations of the milk (curdled, rancid, putrid 

 milk). 



Characters. The milk curdles a short time after being drawn, 

 or only when being boiled , the creamy surface is very thin ; the 

 preparation of butter is difficult or impossible. The cream clots 

 and foams in the churn, but the fat does not gather into one mass. 

 When the cream commences to grow old, small yellow spots are 

 formed upon its surface (Harms) ; then it is unctuous and sticky, 

 the butter it produces is granulous and becomes rapidly rancid. 



Treatment. Besides the various galactopoietics (fennel, anti- 

 mony, cumin, etc.), Haubner and Siedamgrotzky recommends hydro- 

 chloric and acetic acids. Alum has also been much praised (in a 

 dose of 8 grammes three times a day), and chalk (in a dose of 50 

 to 100 grammes three times a day — Harms). When the milk is 

 bitter, we must add to these medicaments a daily dose of 15 grammes 

 of chloride of calcium. 



