ANOMALIES OF LACTATION. 



437 



an iodated milk, which might be used with advantage in thera- 

 peutics, as for instance, in syphilis). 



5. The milk may serve as a vehicle of pathogenic agents which 

 are susceptible of producing serious disorders in man and animals. 

 The disease assuming most importance in this respect is tubercu- 

 losis ; there are authentic observations of its transmission to man, 

 and numerous experiments made with milk from tuberculous cows 

 have established that the infecting power of the latter is very great ^ 

 (see Tuberculosis). Lehmann says that the milk from tuberculous 

 cows is very poor in fat and albumin. 



In peri-pneumonia the milk is thick, similar to colostrum ; it 

 possesses a particular odor and decomposes very quickly (Fraas) ; 

 its ingestion may produce vomitings in man (Hankold). In aph- 

 thous fever, Herberger has found the milk incompletely coagulated, 

 viscous, mucous, similar to colostrum, of a disagreeable taste and 

 odor, poor in sugar, in casein, and containing sometimes carbonate 

 of ammonia. In bovine pest it is secreted in small quantities and 

 its sugar is almost nil (Monin). 



6. Milk containing red globules or hemoglobin. This alteration 

 may depend upon different causes, especially on mastitis, or from 

 contusions of the mammae, also from brutal handling during milk- 

 ing, and from hard blows given by the calf, etc. (in this latter case 

 usually but one teat gives red milk), congestion of the udder during 

 the rutting period, and the irritation of these organs by turpentine 

 substances (see Enzootic Gastro-enteritis), on hemoglobinemia, on 

 the abrupt change from an insufficient diet to an intensive, nitro- 

 genized feeding (clover pastures — Haubner and Siedamgrotzky), 

 etc. Its characters are the uniform red (hematuria) or striated 

 coloration (mastitis milk, the formation of a red, flaky precipitate, 

 etc.). The treatment should be both local and general. (For fur- 

 ther details upon bloody milk, see treatises on obstetrics.) 



We ought also to mention the numerous bacteria found in the 

 milk, notwithstanding that they cannot be made apparent as foreign 

 elements. Besides the Bacterium lactis of Lister, the agent pro- 

 ducing lactic acid, and which we have already mentioned, Warp- 

 mann has found in the milk Bacterium lactis acidi, Sphœrococcus 

 lactis acidiy Micrococcus lactis acidi, and Bacterium libatum lactis 

 addi. The micro-organisms which do not generate acids are, 



1 Wesener: Krit. u. exper. Beitr'dge zur Lehre von der Futterungstuberculose. 

 Preiburg, 1885. 



