URTICARIA. 



525 



forward part of the forelegs, to the leg, and the mammse (Schleg) ; 

 it modifies greatly the appearance of the animals. Itching rarely 

 exists. 



Urticaria blotches are sometimes recognized on the visible mucous 

 membranes, the pituitary, the buccal and vaginal mucous mem- 

 branes. If they are developed in large numbers on the pituitary 

 they may determine respiratory troubles (Schleg). In a cow Zip- 

 perlen found the conjunctiva much tumefied, the vaginal and rectal 

 mucous membranes salient, forming thick swellings outside of the 

 anus and vulva. 



In strangles, urticaria of the skin frequently coincides with 

 petechise of the pituitary. When the transudated liquid accumulates 

 between Malpigliian layer and the epidermis, vesicles may be 

 formed on the surface of the blotches (urticaria vesicles, pomphus). 

 In this case itching is generally intense and the hairs fall out. 



Besides these manifestations, we observe also several troubles of 

 the general condition which are subordinate to the nature of the 

 principal disease. We often notice a fever of medium intensity 

 (the distinction between febrile and apyretic urticaria, properly so 

 called, is not of any importance) ; in addition, there exists weakness 

 during work ; finally, we may sometimes observe the symptoms of 

 a gastro-intestinal catarrh, troubles of appetite, diarrhea, retention 

 of excrements, benign icterus, etc. 



The eruption generally disappears very rapidly, often within one 

 or two days, but returns of the disease are not rare; they may give 

 the afiPection the stamp of chronicity. Some animals are affected 

 several times in the same year. 



Treatment. lu most cases it is sufficient to subject the animals 

 to a diet and to cover them warmly. When the general condition 

 is at fault, it is advisable to produce a derivation on the intestinal 

 canal. To accomplish this result we may administer any of the 

 purgatives (aloes, calomel, etc.), or the laxative salines. [In the 

 beginning of the disease the best treatment for plethoric horses 

 is bleeding, for others purgation ; the effects are most prompt and 

 satisfactory. — w. L. z.] 



2. Urticaria of the Pig*. 



Urticaria of the pig has often been confounded with rouget 

 (swine plague) and contagious pneumo-enteritis — diseases which 

 are, however, radically different from it. While it is generally 



