I30 



The proiblems of exterminationi in a large city are varied, 

 numerous and interesting. I will now take some of the more 

 important and try to illustrate with the lantern what was said 

 in my opening paragraph. 



The garbage dumps problem is a most perplexing one. Were 

 the M'osquito Commission in full control the matter would soon 

 be settled. I call attention to the picture on the screen (fig. ii). 

 You will notice that wherever garbage is dumped you will natur- 

 ally find receptacles of all sizes, shapes and descriptions. If there 

 is a large pool of water formed, the pollution is so great that 

 pipiens breeding is hastened. Each receptacle capable of holding 

 water has to be attended to. This particular dump is such a 

 prolific breeder that it is oiled periodically with no inspection. 

 Repeatedly we have tried to persuade the city authorities who 

 have charge of operations that rather than keep the level of the 

 dumps up to street grade, a road should be made around the 

 pool, keeping constantly pushing in toward the center, allowing 

 the water to be drained out through pipes connecting with a 

 sewer. This would eliminate the water first, and in no way 

 hinder the final elimination of the dumps. Constantly we are 

 having trouble with other authorities who do not look upon these 

 problems from a mosquito standpoint. 



Acres and acres of mosquito-breeding water surface are to 

 be found within Newark's boundaries. I refer to the hundreds 

 of vats in the tanneries (fig. 12). We have sixty-one tanneries 

 where from twenty-five to three hundred vats are to be found. 

 When not in use a vat must contain water in order to keep it 

 watertight. In the height of the season I have found breeding 

 even in some of the vats which contained tan bark. This was the 

 exception, however, rather than the rule. To use oil on such 

 places means injuring the leather, so gasoline has to be resorted 

 to. This does the work effectively and evaporates in a half hour 

 or so. Some tanneries furnish their own naphtha or gasoline, and 

 some even g'o so far as to keep their vats free of breeding for us. 



Every new building has a cellar, which, during the course of 

 construction, is open to rains. This sort of violation is always 

 increasing and decreasing, and is the cause of constant trouble 



