132 



to see such a violation. 'Phone and letter complaints of viola- 

 tions are more frequent now, shov^ing that the public are better 

 informed and more interested. 



A notice in the newspapers during the latter part of the spring 

 will work wonders in warning people to look at their roof gut- 

 ters, so as not to be bothered with emerging mosquitoes under 

 their very bedroom windows. 



The City of Newark has a famous ale distillery, where hun- 

 dreds of ale barrels are stored in the open. When not in use 

 they are placed upon end so they will not fall apart. Not being 

 stored under a roof, the rains are allowed to fill the tops of 

 these barrels and the two bottom tiers always contain mosquito 

 breeding. It is obviously impossible to get at these as shown 

 in the picture (fig. 15) unless the top tiers are first taken down. 

 Then, too, oil placed on these barrels will get into the ale and 

 spoil it, so we resort to gasoline. After arguing from time to 

 time personally and through the mails, the brewery in question 

 permanently eliminates the breeding by covering the barrels with 

 large sheets of canvas. Co-operation oftentimes succeeds where 

 court persuasion makes bad friends. 



The same problem is found in the barrel yards. These firms 

 are instructed to pile their barrels on their sides, but a frequent 

 inspection is necessary to remind them of their violation. Their 

 help is usually of the lowest possible intelligence, and the bosses 

 are not always in the yards. 



The rain barrel is a similar violation on a much smaller scale 

 (fig. 16). The same arguments hold for this as in the case^of 

 cisterns. 



A most interesting experiment last season was one conducted 

 on the sewer basins. There had always been just dififererlces of 

 opinion on breeding in sewer basins, so an efifort was made to 

 try once and for all to establish some facts about conditions. 

 First it was necessary to prove that mosquito breeding was 

 actually going on, so 1,844 basins were inspected by removing 

 the lid and dipping at least three times with a dipper attached 

 to a long stick. Of 289 found breeding, 133 were in the pupal 

 stage. Thus 15.7 per cent, were found breeding. Of the 3,600 

 basins in Newark, assuming the same conditions true in the 



