1-838.] 



Electro-Magnet ic Motors. 



183 



of the iron cross, with its circular segments or flanges. By the gal- 

 vanic connexion these crosses and their connected segments are mag- 

 netized, acquiring north and south poiarity at their opposite ends, and 

 being thus subjected to the attracting and repelling force of the circular 

 fixed magnets, a rapid horizontal movement is produced, at the rate of 

 two to three hundred revolutions in a minute, when the small battery 

 was used, and over six hundred witti a calori motor of large size. The 

 rope was wound up with a weight of fourteen pounds attached, and 

 twenty-eight pounds were lifted from the floor. The movement is in- 

 stantly stopped by breaking the connexion with the battery, and then 

 reversed by simply interchanging the connexion of the wires of tiie 

 battery with those of the machine, when it becomes equally rapid in 

 the opposite direction. 



The machine, as a philosophical instrument, operates with beautiful 

 and surprising effect, and no reason can be discovered why the motion 

 may not be indefinitely continued. It is easy to cause a very gradual 

 flow of the impaired or exhausted acid liquor from, and of fresh acidu- 

 lated water into, the receptacle of the battery, and whenever the metal 

 of the latter is too much corroded to be any longer efficient, another 

 battery may be instantly substituted, and that even before the con, 

 nexion of the old battery is broken. As to the energy of the power, it 

 becomes at once a most interesting inquiry, whether it admits of inde- 

 finite increase ? To this inquiry it may be replied, that provided the 

 magnetism of both the revolving cross and of the fixed circle can be 

 indefinitely increased, then no reason appears why the energy of the 

 power cannot also be indefinitely increased. Now, as magnets of the 

 common kind, usually called permanent magnets, find their limits with- 

 in, at most, the power of lifting a few hundred pounds, it is obvious 

 that the revolving galvanic magnet must, in its etiiciency, be limited, 

 by its relation to the fixed magnet. But it is an important fact, dis- 

 covered by experience, that the latter is soon impaired in its power by 

 the influence of the revolving galvanic magnet, which is easily made to 

 surpass it in energy, and thus, as it were, to overpower it. It is obvi- 

 ous, therefore, that the fixed magnet, as well as the revolving, ought to 

 be magnetized by galvanism, and then there is every reason to believe 

 that the relative equality of the two, and of course their relative 

 energy, may be permanently supported, and even carried to an extent 

 much greater than has been hitherto attained. 



2. Rotating Machine, composed entirely of Electro-magnelSj holh in 

 ^9 fixed and revolving members. 



