186 



GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL. 



the head and half the neck black : the back and rump 

 pale grey : the greater quills white, the five first with 

 black tips ; the secondaries dark grey : the tail white : 

 the legs dark reddish-brown. 



This very singular bird inhabits the borders of the 

 Caspian Sea : it lays its eggs on the bare sand ; they 

 are of an oblong shape, marked with spots of brown 

 and a few paler tinges : it flies somewhat like a 

 Raven, and, like that bird, has a very hoarse cry. 



GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL. 



(Lards marinus.) 



La. alhus dor so nigro, pedibus albis. 



White Gull with the back black, the legs white. 



Larus marinus. Lin7i. Si/st. Nat. 1. 22.5. Gmel, Si/st. Nat. 1. 

 598. Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 813. Brun. Orn. Boreal, 145. Sa- 

 bine. Linn. Trans, xii. 543. 



Larus niger. Briss. Orn. 6. 158. 



Larus maximus ex albo efc nigro varius. Raii Syn. 127. A. 

 Le Goeland noir. Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. 405. 31. Buff. PI. 

 EnL 990. 



Goeland a manteau noir. Temm. man. d'Orn. 490. Id. 2 Edit. 



ii. 760. Cuv. Reg. A?iim. 1.519. 

 Great Black and White Gull. Alb. Birds, 3. pi. 94. 

 Black-backed Gull. Penn. Brit. Zool. 2. 242. Pe7in. Arct. Zool 



2. 45 1 . Lath, Gen. Syn. 6.371. Lew. Brit. Birds, 6. pi, 208. 



Wale. Syn.pl. 112, Beuo. Brit. Birds, 2. 212. Linn. Trans. 



V. viii. 267. Lath. Gen. Hist. x. 145. 

 Great Black-backed Gull. Mont. Orn. Diet. L and App. 

 Young. — Larus na^vius. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 1.598. 

 Larus marinus Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 814. 



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