NOTES AND ABSTEACTS. 



479 



petals and sepals, like the former, are pure white; it has the general 

 form of G. aurea; its labellum combines the best points of both parents, 

 having a golden throat, veined with crimson streaks, which spread at the 

 wavy edges into a rich crimson border. — F. A. W. 



Cedar : Rust Fung-US. By F. D. Heald {U.S.A. Exp. Stn. 

 Nebraska, 22nd Ann. Rep. pp. 105-127; with 15 figs. ; 1909). — A very 

 complete account (with bibliography) of the Cedar Eust fungus {Gymno- 

 sporangium jujiiperi-virginianae) , which is apparently entirely destroy- 

 ing the pencil cedar throughout the eastern half of the State, and is 

 also seriously affecting the apple crops. — G. F. S.-E. 



Chenopodium amaranticolop. By E. Gadeceau (he Jard., vol. 

 xxiv., No. 553, p. 72 ; March 5, 1910 ; with 2 figs, and 1 coloured plate). 

 — As an ornamental vegetable, this Chenopodium is to be recommended. 

 The young leaves of the terminal shoots and lateral branches are bright 

 purple. It can either be left bushy or used as a border plant by pinching 

 off the tall shoots, and it may be cooked and eaten like spinach. 



F, A. W. 



Chinch Bug", The (Blissus leucopterus, Say.) By F. M. Webster 

 {U.S.A. Dep. Agr., Bur. Entom., Circ. 113; Nov. 13, 1909; 8 figs.).— 

 The chinch bug is an insect which does immense damage to crops. of 

 wheat, barley, rye, and corn in North America and the sugar-cane in 

 Mexico; it is also known to attack mauy species of grasses. 



The pest first made its appearance in the wheatfields of North 

 Carolina about the year 17S5 ; there were similar destructive outbreaks 

 in 1809, 1839, and 1840. The estimated loss due to it in the thirty- 

 eight years from 1850 to 1887 was the enormous sum of $267,000,000. 



Eemedial and preventive measures are discussed in this bulletin, 

 also the life-history and habits of the insect. — V. G. J. 



Chrysanthemums, List of Best Varieties {Le Jard., vol. xxiv. 

 No. 556, p. 118; April 20, 1910).— In pubhshing its annual hst of the 

 best varieties of chrysanthemums, the Sac. Nat. de Hort. de France has 

 this year added to the name of the producer and date of production the 

 colour of each variety. — F. A. W. 



Clover (Red), The Constituents of the Flowers of. By Fred 



B. Power and A. H. Salway {Jour. Chem. Soc, vol. xcvii., Feb. 1910, 

 pp. 231-254). — 1'his is a report upon the first complete investigation of 

 the constituents of these flowers, which were collected for the purpose 

 from a cultivated crop in Kent. The flowers only were gathered. These 

 yielded a light yellow essential oil with a rather unpleasant odour, which 

 was found to contain furfuraldehyde. They also isolated several new 

 phenolic substances, two of w^hich were named by the authors as pratol 

 and pratensol respectively, as well as three new glucosides, which they 

 have named trifolin, trifolitin, and iso-trifolitin, and a new dihydric 

 alcohol which they name trifolianol. There was also found a coumaric 

 acid, salicyclic acid, and various fatty acids. — W. A. V. 



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