524 JOURNAL OF THE KOYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCJILTV. 



" I 



remedy is the complete burying of all infested material when tlie ero))' 

 is dug, especially with the addition of a good covering of lime. — G. H. L! 



Temperature, Effect on Cell Structure of. By Dr. George- j 

 vitch {Beih. Bot. Cent. xxv. 1. Abt. Heft h. pp. 127-136; 1910).— 

 The effect of extreme temperatures upon the structure of the cells in 

 the root-tip of Galtonia candicans is detailed at great length. 



G. F. S.'E. 



Timbers of Jamaica. By W. Harris [Bull. Dep. Agr. Jamaica, 

 i. 1909, p. 10; 16 figs.). — An extensive article, giving hsts of woods 

 suitable for various purposes, with local and botanical names, and short 

 descriptions, with localities, of the trees. — E. A. B. 



Tomatos for Early Market. By J. W. Lloyd and T. S. 

 Brooks (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Illinois, Bull. lU; 1909).~Details methods 

 advised for growers in Illinois. Tomatos for growing commercially 

 in the field are brought on in hot-beds (either fire or manure), the 

 seed being sown in February, and the plants, after several shifts and 

 thorough hardening, being planted out in May. The smooth varieties 

 are preferable, and earliness should be striven for. 



Home-mixed fertilizer (two parts dried blood, two parts steamed 

 bone meal, and one part potassium sulphate) has been proved by experi- 

 ment to be the best both for earliness and total yield. Pruning, either 

 to single or more sterns, does not increase early or the total yield, un- 

 pruned plants doing best; but training, i.e. tying to stakes, keeps the 

 fruit clean and simplifies cultivation and spraying. 



The latter is essential for " rust " or leaf-spot, though in some 

 cases it would seem to check the early fruit, but materially increases 

 the total yield. Bordeaux mixture is used, with the addition of Paris 

 green for tomato worm if necessary. 



Picking • tomatos inevitably stains the hands, but a green tomato 

 or crushed rhubarb stalk will remove most of the stain. 



Tomatos should be rigidly graded for market, and the four-basket 

 crate (with, if possible, twelve fruits to a basket) is the best package. 



C. H. L. 



Transpiration, Effect of Salts on. By H. S. Eeed (Bot. Gaz. 

 vol. xhx. pp. 81-109; with 9 figs.; Feb. 1910).— The author used 

 paraffined wire pots for these experiments. He grew wheat seedlings 

 in 189 different soils or soil extracts, and tested the effect of small 

 quantities of the salts mentioned below on transpiration. In most 

 cases he gives tlie amount of water transpired for each gram of green 

 weight produced. When his control plants transpired 103 "39 water 

 for each gram of green weight, he found that the average transpiration 

 of the nitrate of soda seedlings was 93*36, of sulphate of potash 97*95, 

 of calcium phospliate 101'07, and of calcium carbonate 101"09. 



In one sample of clay with nitrate of soda there was, along with an 

 increase of growili, 31 per cent., a decrease in transpiration which was 



