NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



525 



only 69 per cent, of that in the control plant. In Portsmouth swamp 

 soil he found only 71'2 per cent. 



The transpiration for each unit of green weight is generally smallest 

 when there is the greatest acceleration in growth — at least for sulphate 

 of potash and nitrate of soda — but the reverse holds for calcium 

 carbonate. Potash is more efficient than soda in diminishing the 

 amount of transportation for each unit of green weight. This relative 

 transpiration is increased by small amounts of inorganic acids, and per- 

 ceptibly by organic acids, also (in a very marked manner) by pyrogallol 

 and tannic acid, by alkalis and by the use of such absorbents as carbon, 

 ferric hydrate, and quartz flour. The relative transpiration was reduced 

 by various solutions of hydrochloric, nitric, and sulphuric acids. 



G. F. S.-E, 



Transpiration, The Relation of Hairy and Cutinized 

 Covering's to. By K. M. Wiegand {Bot. Gaz. vol. xlix. pp. 430-444; 

 with 1 fig. ; June 1910). — Experiments with blotting-paper and flannel 

 are discussed. The author concludes that hairy coverings are very 

 efficient in wind, but scarcely affect transpiration in still air. Wax and 

 cutin are alw^ays efficient. — G. F. S.-E. 



Trees and Shrubs of New Zealand. By L. S. Gibbs {Gard. 

 Chron. xlvii. (1910), pp. 97, 118, 131; Feb.).— This is an excellent 

 review of the woody vegetation of New Zealand, with notes on the 

 characteristics and habitats of the various species.— i^. J. P. 



Trifolium incarnatum, The Constituents of the Flowers of. 



By Harold Eogerson {Jour. Ghem. Soc, vol, xcvii., May 1910, 

 pp. 1004-1015).— This investigation was conducted upon the flowering 

 tops collected during June from a cultivated crop in Kent. Among 

 other items there were separated '006 per cent, of an essential oil with 

 a strong persistent odour, a new glucoside which the author has named 

 incarnatin, and an alcohol which melts at 58^-60^ 0. and which has 

 been previously obtained from the wax of the bumble-bee, but has not 

 hitherto been named, and which the author therefore designates ' * incar- 

 natyl alcohol." Other substances found were oleic, stearic, palmitic, 

 linolic, benzoic, and salicylic acids, pratol, quercetin, and a trace of a 

 coumaric acid.— IF. A. V. 



Turkestan, Flora of. By O. and B. Fedtschenko {Beiii. Bot. 

 Cent. xxvi. 2. Abt. Heft ii. pp. 167-188; 1910).— The Conspectus 

 Florae Turkiestanicae " is continued. It comprises a list of all the 

 species hitherto recorded from Prussian Turkestan. The present con- 

 tribution contains the Eosaceae. — G. F. S.-E. 



Veronicas, Shrubby, from New Zealand. By S. Mottet (Le 

 Jard., vol. xxiv. No. 555, p. 107; April 5, 1910). — Some twenty varie- 

 ties of shrubby Veronica are enumerated, with their characteristics, and 

 hints for cultivation. — F. A. W. 



VOTj. XXXVI. u M 



