THE BLOSSOMING OF OUR HARDY CULTIVATED FRUITS. 557 



M. B. Waite, 61 the United States Department of Agriculture in 

 1891 £ind 1892, carried out most valuable experiments on ** The pollina- 

 tion of pear flowers," which furnish repeated evidence of the value 

 of cross-pollination in pears for fruit production. He found that 

 out of thirty-six varieties tested twenty-two were self-sterile, and 

 although a few varieties of pear were quite productive with their own 

 pollen, yet even with these varieties self-pollination seemed to be 

 less certain than cross-pollination and was less satisfactory some seasons 

 than others. The results have shown that the varieties belong more 

 or less distinctly to two classes — self-sterile and self-fertile. Absolute 

 reliance should not be placed on the synopsis. The work was, however, 

 duplicated several times and repeated in four different places with the 

 same general result. 



I, — PEARS MORE OR LESS COMPLETELY INCAPABLE OF SELF- 

 FERTILIZATION. 



(a) Varieties of European Origin. 



' Beurr^ d'Anjou.' j * Gansel's Bergamot. ' 



' WilHams' Bon Chretien. ' I * Louise Bonne of Jersey. ' 



' Doyenne Boussoch. 

 ' Beurre Clairgeau.' 

 ' Doyenne Sieulle. ' 

 ' Easter Beurr^. ' 



Souvenir du Congres. 

 Beurr6 Superfin.' 

 Winter Nelis.' 



(b) Varieties of American Origin. 

 ' Clapp's Favourite. ' 'Lawrence.' 



* Columbia. ' 



' De la Chene. ' 

 ' Gray Doyenn^. ' 



* Howell. ' 

 ' Jones. ' 



* Mount Vernon. ' 

 'Pound.' 



* Sheldon.' 



* Colonel Wilder.' 



PEARS WHICH HAVE SHOWN THEMSELVES MORE OR LESS 

 SELF-FERTILE. 



Duchesse d'Angouleme. ' 

 Beurr^ Bose.' 

 Beurr^Diel.' 



(a) Of European Origin. 



* Doyenn^ d'Alen^on. 



* Flemish Beauty.' 

 ' White Doyenne. ' 



' Brockworth. 

 ' Buffum.' 

 ' Heathcote. ' 

 * Kieffer. ' 



(b) Of American Origin. 



' Le Comte. ' 



* Manning's Elizabeth. 

 ' Seckle.' 



* Tyson. * 



Self -pollinated pears are deficient in seeds, usually having only 

 abortive ones, while in crosses they are generally well developed. 



