NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 803 



Logranberry. By E. E. Pescott (Jour. Agr. Vict. Feb. 1910, 

 pp. 79-80). — ' Mammoth ' and Loganberry were raised by Judge Logan 

 of Santa Cru2, California. The ' Mammoth ' was the result of cross- 

 fertihzing the native American blackberry with one of the early rasp- 

 berries ; but the Loganberry was a chance hybrid, the result of natural 

 cross-pollination, also between the native blackberry and one of the 

 cultivated raspberries. Judge Logan in 1881 sowed the seeds of the 

 native fruit for experimental purposes, with the result that one of the 

 finest of berry fruits was produced and perpetuated. ' Phenomenal ' 

 and ' Primus ' are hybrids produced by^ Luther Burbank. — C. H. H. 



Loranthaeeae, Biological Studies on. By M. Koernicke (Ann. 

 Jard. Bot. Buit. 3rd supp. 2nd pt. 1910, pp. 665-698; 2 plates).— 

 The author concurs with the opinion expressed by Haberlandt that 

 many phanerogamic parasites have sprung from ancestors which 

 carried on a purely epiphytic mode of existence. He points out 

 several features of resemblance between the Loranthaeeae and certain 

 epiphytes. The wide distribution of the Loranthaeeae in Java is 

 indicated. They occur both in the moist western areas of the island 

 and in the dry eastern districts ; they are found close to the sea margin, 

 and extend right to the interior of the island, and they are also to be 

 met with round the crater of the volcano, where they are exposed to 

 the poisonous gases exhaled. 



They are found growing on all kinds of trees and bushes which do 

 not offer mechanical difficulties to their penetration by the parasite. 

 Bitter or astringent cell-contents, resin, or acrid latex offer no protec- 

 tion against the attacks of the Loranthaeeae. Monocotyledons no less 

 than dicotyledons are subject to their attacks. It is interesting to note 

 that one member of the Loranthaeeae may prey upon another member 

 of the same family, and that one species may even grow upon another 

 plant of the same species {e.g. Viscnm articulatum on Viscum 

 articulatum). 



The Loranthaeeae do not appear to be at all fastidious in their 

 choice of a host, but there is some reason to believe that their structure 

 and habit become to some extent modified by the host they grow 

 upon. — E. B. 



Mahograny Tree, A New, from Cameroon. By H. Harms {Not. 

 Konig. Bot. Berlin, No. 47, vol. v. Nov. 1910, pp. 184-187). — A new 

 species of Entandrophragma — namely, E. Rederi — is described in this 

 paper. This is the second species of the genus found in the Cameroon 

 district, the only previously known representative being E. Candollei. 

 The new plant furnishes a valuable wood, very similar to that of the 

 American Swietenias, which are the true mahogany trees. 



The affinities of the new plant, with other species of Entandro- 

 phragma from other localities, is discussed.- -fi. B. 



Maize: A New Type from China. By G. N. Colhns {U.S.A. 



Dep. Agr. , Bull. 161, 25 pp. ; 2 plates). — An interesting description 



3 g2 



