814 JOTTBNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICTTLTURAL SOCIETY, 



fruif; to ripen rapidly, there are available large quantities of sound 

 over-ripe peaches which it will not pay to send to market. The ex- 

 periment has been tried of making cider of these, and afterwards pro- 

 ducing vinegar by the use of a small, quick-process generator. The 

 vinegar was found to be of fair quality, though turbid, and was without 

 any distinctive peach flavour. Sound peaches were used for the ex- 

 periments. Vinegar made from peaches which had rotted after storage 

 is known to have a disagreeable flavour and the presence of Monilia 

 (Sclerotinia fructigena), though it did not affect the fermentation of 

 the pulp, was found, among other chemical changes, to produce a 

 considerable loss of sugar in the fermented juice. 



The peach juices analysed were found to be poorer in sugar and 

 alcohol than average apple juices and richer in sucrose and acids. 



Fermentation proceeded quite as rapidly without the addition of pure 

 cultures of yeast, which were tested in some sample kegs. — M. L. H. 



Pear-leaf Mite (Phytopus pyri). By G. Marunteaun {Pom. Franc. 

 Sept. 1910, p. 232). — A complete cure was found for this pest by dress- 

 ing the trees in winter with 



Carbolineum . . . " . . 500 grams 

 Eefined petrol 1,500 



This was painted over entire tree, with the result above described. 



E. A. Bel 



Pears, Rotting* of. By 0. Bruzon (Pom Frang. May 1910, 

 pp. 130-132). — To prevent this, gather before ripe. In the neighbour- 

 hood of Lyons all pears should be gathered by September 15. In the 

 case of pears that only become ripe in February, arid yet many of 

 which are by that time rotten, avoid growing these varieties. — C. H. H. 



Peas, Field (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Wyoming, Bvll. 84, March 1910; 

 figs., and U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Wisconsin, Bull. 178, July 1909; figs.).— 

 These two bulletins are almost identical in contents. In both there are 

 reasons given for the larger cultivation of the field pea; its high 

 protein-content and its usefulness in enriching the soil are dwelt upon, 

 and instructions are given for its cultivation and harvesting. — M . L. H. 



Peas : Mode of Inheritance of Stature and Time of Flowering" 



in Pisum sativum. By F. Keeble and Miss 0. Pellew (Jour. Gen. i. 

 pt. i. pp. 47-56). — The authors' investigations lead them to conclude 

 that tallness in peas depends on the presence of two factors : long inter- 

 node and thick stem. Two semi-dwarf varieties, ' Autocrat ' and 

 * Bountiful,' were crossed. The former has short int^rnodes and thick 

 stems, the latter, long internodes and thin stems. The F2 generation 

 gave 114 tall plants, 33 of the ' Autocrat ' type, 32 of the ' Bountiful ' 

 type, and 13 dwarfs, approximating to numbers of the 9:3:3:1 

 ratio, which occur in the offspring when two factors are involved. The 

 factor for late-flowering appears to be coupled with the thick-stem 

 factor, while many more of the long-internoded, thin-stemmed plants 



