NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



831 



5. Roses with Glaucous Foliage. — From the East of China, the 

 North of Indo-China, the South of Formosa, and Japan: R. laevigata, 

 R. bract eata, R. clinophylla, &c. 



6. Roses witJi Perfect Organs. — In this section the style forms a 

 sohd column standing beyond the stamens, which permits of easy 

 cross-fertilization. It is to be noticed that all the species of this section 

 came from the neighbourhood of oceans or large seas : R. moschata (?), 

 from the Persian Gulf and Red Sea; R. plioenicia, R. senipervirens (?), 

 from the Mediterranean, &c. 



Having thus shown the natural dispersion of the rose family, 

 M. Gravereaux sets himself to trace the history of man's gradual 

 acquaintance with its different species. Thus, in the Far East they 

 had R. canina and R. gallica] in old Greece R. centifolia and R. gallica; 

 among the Romans R. damascena (imported into Italy by the 

 Phoenicians and cultivated at Peestum), R. alba, R. myriacantha (spin- 

 eola of Pliny), R. sempervire^is (coroneola of Pliny), R. gallica (the 

 bright red form with twelve petals of Pliny), R. Milesiana (of the 

 writers of the Middle Ages), R. mos(:hata (the nfosceuton of Pliny, 

 in spite of the objections of Hardouin and of Dalechamps, which have 

 been examined). Undei^ the Western Empire they had the R. sancta 

 and the roses imported by the Arabs — ~R. lutea, R. punicea, R. mos- 

 chata (double), and a purple gallica called the "blue rose." 



In the West, from Charlemagne to the end of the seventeenth cen- 

 tury, were the R. damascena, R. provincialis, R. ■incarnata ; then some 

 ancient varieties, such as the York and Lancaster and the Moss Rose, 

 which was introduced by a gentleman of Carcassonne, Freard du Castel, 

 and not by Mme. de Genlis, as she pretended. 



M. Gravereaux then makes us see the successive introduction into 

 Europe of the roses of the Far East, perpetual as no others have ever 

 been ; then the fortuitous crossing with the old European roses ; shows 

 us the first modern horticulturists noticing these chance obtainments, 

 cultivating and cataloguing them, until contemporary growers, taught by 

 observation, themselves set about creating our present principal races. 

 To turn to the documentary part of M. Gravereaux's exhibit, the follow- 

 ing enumeration of its principal sections will show its importance and 

 order : — 



1. " The Rose in Science." 



2. " The Rose in Literature." 



3. " The Rose in the Fine Arts. " 



4. " The Rose in Decorative Art." 



That nothing might be wanting to the completeness of this wonderful 

 museum, there was included an exhibition of the works of modern 

 painters of the rose. — M. L. H. 



Rose, Diseases of. By R. Laubert {Gartenflora, vol. lix. 

 pts. iv. V. pp. 66-76 and 97-106; 1 col. plate). — Rust is due to the 

 action of the fungus Phragmidimn subcorticaium. In Silesia the 

 climbers, such as ' Baron de Rothschild ' and ' Madame Victor Verdier, ' 



