102 JOURNAL OF THE KOYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



application of a lime-sulphur wash as the buds are swelling and before 

 the leaves appear, followed by the usual sprayings with Bordeaux mixture, 

 has been found an efficient remedy. — A. P. 



Apple, Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) (Dep. Agr. 

 N.Z., 16th Eeport, 1908, p. 110).— This is stated to be the fungus 

 formerly known as Podosphaera oxyacantha, and has been very plentiful 

 during the summer months and very destructive. Being a surface mildew 

 it is easy to contrjol with Bordeaux mixture. It often spreads from 

 Hawthorn hedges, which are very subject to attack ; hence this plant 

 should not be used as a shelter around orchards. — M. C. C. 



Apple-Scab (Fusicladium dendriticum) (Dep. Agr. N.Z., 16th 

 Eeport, 1908, p. 110 ; fig.). — This disease has been less in evidence than 

 in former years, and where systematic spraying has been carried out, 

 the loss caused by it has been insignificant. — M. C. C. 



Apple-tree Measuring- Worm (Ennomos subsignaria). By 



H. Garman (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Kentucky, 11th Ann. Bept., pp. 79-81; 

 figs.). — One of the looper caterpillars injuring apple leaves in the same 

 way and at the same time as the larvae of the winter moth. The female 

 moth, however, in this case is winged, and hatches out in June, laying 

 eggs which remain unhatched over winter. Spraying in spring with 

 Paris green at the rate of 1 lb. to 150 gallons of water is the only means 

 of dealing with the pest. — F. J. G. 



Apples of Maine, Seedling. By W. M. Munson (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. 

 Maine, Bept. 1907, pp. 113-139 ; figs.). — Descriptions of thirty-five apples 

 raised in Maine are given with figures and comments upon the relative 

 usefulness of the varieties. — F. J. G. 



Araeeae, Embryology of (Bot. Gaz. July 1908, pp. 35-42, with 3 

 plates). — Mr. James Ellis Gow describes the ovary, ovule, and development 

 of the ovule in Nephthytis, Dieffenbachia, and Aglaonema. — G. F. S.-E. 



Aster diplostephioides. By Eekhout (Le Jardin, vol. xxii. No. 517, 

 p. 264 ; September 5, 1908 ; coloured plate and fig.). Particularly 

 recommended for market purposes as well as pot-culture. A distinct and 

 handsome dwarf plant (25-30 cm. high), flowering May- June in solitary 

 heads of a brilliant purple, with well-marked orange disc, 6-8 cm. in 

 diameter. In habit this plant compares with Gerbera Jamesonii, and has 

 the further advantage of being absolutely hardy. Like all Asters, it is 

 easy to propagate whether by seed, division of clump, or cuttings. Sow 

 April-May, in pots or pans, prick out in the autumn ; or February- 

 March on hot-bed, and prick out in spring. In dividing, break up the 

 plants in spring or autumn, and let the new growths get a start, well- 

 shaded and watered in the reserve garden. Then transfer to border. 

 Cuttings are struck under a bell-glass, and require a little heat. 



F. A. W. 



Aster Wilt, Fusarium sp. (Dep. Agr. N.Z., 16th Eeport, 190b, 

 p. 109). — This disease has been very prevalent and generally appears just 



