106 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Campanula Rapunculus (Raiponee). By C. Potrat (Le Jardin, 

 vol. xxii. No. 513, p. 202; July 5, 1908).— This plant is worthy of 

 cultivation as a winter vegetable. Both leaves and root have an agreeable 

 flavour ; it may be eaten raw, as salad, or cooked like spinach. The root 

 resembles a crisp white radish. The plant is easily raised from seed, 

 but late sowings (end of June or July) are advisable— otherwise it is apt 

 to run to flower. As the young plants are at first very tender and liable 

 to dry off, it is well to shade them by simultaneously growing some other 

 vegetable, such as summer radishes, which are lifted before the raiponce 

 reaches perfection. It is ready in October and can easily be protected 

 from frost by a light frame and mats. — F. A. W. 



Cariea Papaya. By C. Bernard (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buit., vol. vii., 

 pp. 56-68 ; 2 plates). — The abnormal fruit occasionally produced by 

 Carica Papaya is described. — S. E. W. 



Carnations, Perpetual Flowering-. By E. 0. (Garden, January 

 1909, pp. 14, 30, 39). — The use of these as garden plants is recommended, 

 particularly among roses, and they are stated to be hardy, and Rev. 

 Joseph Jacob, continuing a previous article, gives directions as to the 

 indoor treatment of these plants. 



Mr. M. C. Attwood objects to the use of the term "American" in 

 reference to the Perpetual- flowering Carnation, and thinks we are on the 

 eve of further improvement in habit of growth and formation of flower 

 in these plants. — H. B. D. 



Carnations, Sporotrichum Bud Rot. By F. C. Stewart and 

 H. E. Hodgkiss (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Geneva, N.Y. Tech. Bull, October 7, 

 1908 ; 4 plates). — Carnations affected with bud rot are invariably infested 

 with a certain fungus (Sporotrichum anthophilum, Pk.) almost constantly 

 associated with a particular species of mite (Pediculoides diantlwphilus, 

 Wol.). Outwardly the affected buds usually appear like normal buds 

 partially opened, but internally they are brown, decayed, and generally 

 mouldy. The stamens, styles, and lower portion of the petals are attacked 

 first ; frequently the pistil also is affected. The brown decayed tissue is 

 permeated by the mycelium of the fungus. Experiments prove that the 

 Sporotrichum alone is capable of producing the disease. All affected 

 buds should be picked and burned as soon as they appear. — M . C. C. 



Ceratozamia, Seedling 5 Of. By Helen A. Dorez (Bot. Gaz., September 

 1908, pp. 203-217 ; 4 plates). — The seedling has two cotyledons ; the 

 paper deals with its anatomy, certain stages in development, and various 

 morphological details. — G. F. S.-E. 



Ceropegia, Vegetative Development of. By Joseph Glabisz 

 (Beih. Bot. Centralbl. xxiii. l te Abth. Heft 2, pp. 65-136, 30 figs, and 

 3 plates). — The stem-tubers of this plant are normally formed at the stem- 

 nodes. When separated from the plant both internodes and leaves are 

 capable of producing both tubers and adventitious roots. The free-hang- 

 ing branches grow at the tip and their adventitious roots remain quite 

 short, but if laid on the ground the latter form strong branching roots 



