NOTES AND ABSTKACTS. 



107 



which enable the main shoot to grow more vigorously. When grown in 

 water, the want of nourishment seems to produce an increased formation 

 of tubers and of adventitious roots. The plant can exist and form new 

 growths when supplied with cane sugar only, but not when glycerine is 

 used. If the growing point is prevented from development, the axillary 

 shoots increase greatly, and the formation of tubers is also favoured, 

 especially when the plant is prevented from forming axillary shoots. 

 Tuber formation is favoured by darkness. — G. F. S.-E. 



Cherry * Bigarreau tigreV By Max Gamier (Rev. Hort., Decem- 

 ber 16, 1908, p. 570 ; coloured plate). — A very handsome dark crimson 

 fruit prettily mottled with lighter tints, or vice versa— G. T. D. 



Chestnut Oak in the Southern Appalachians. By H. D. 



Hoster and W. W. Ashe (U.S. Dep. Agr. Forest Service, Circ. 135; 

 23 pp.). — This would appear to be a most useful timber, the uses to 

 which it is at present applied being exceedingly varied and numerous. 

 In Western Virginia about one-half of the cross-ties on local railroads 

 are chestnut oak, while for furniture, farm implements, tool handles 

 and in wagon-making the wood is largely employed. Not only is the 

 chestnut oak valuable for its timber, but the bark is extensively used in 

 the tanneries, and employed on account of the tannic acid it contains. 

 The management of the tree, list of insect pests, susceptibilities to fire 

 and injury by grazing, and reproduction by seed and sprout are all care- 

 fully explained. — A. D. W. 



Chile Culture. By Fabian Garcia (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., New Mexico, 

 Bull. 67, 1908 ; illustrated). — The chile is largely grown in New Mexico 

 for home consumption. The taste for it among Americans is on the 

 increase. It is rather less tender than the tomato, and can be sown in 

 the open early in April, or raised in frames end of January and planted 

 out. This is the best, though less common way. 



The chile resists drought fairly well, but, as it continues bearing as 

 long as it is kept growing, irrigation is valuable. 



The pods, when ready for picking green, should be smooth, shiny, and 

 from 4 to 6 inches long. 



Chile is canned when green, or eaten fresh (both green and ripe). 



C. H. L. 



Chrysanthemums (Le Jardin, vol. xxii. No. 521-2 ; November 5- 

 20, 1908 ; illustrated).— The whole of No. 521 and several articles in 522 

 are devoted to the Chrysanthemum. There are pictorial articles on the 

 early varieties and first cultivators of the flower, an article on judging 

 by points, by M. Rivoire — another by M. T. Carnon on grafting — another 

 on fertilization by M. Mommeye, who also contributes an account of 

 the Chrysanthemum and its culture in Japan, with copious illustrations. 



F. A. W. 



Chrysanthemums, A Classified List of (Jour. Soc. Nat. Hort. Fr., 

 p. 115, February 1901). — A classified list of all the best varieties of 

 chrysanthemum now in cultivation, prepared with the help of a great 

 many chrysanthemum growers. The groups include the best early kinds, 



