SPICE-, CONDIMENT-, AND PERFUME-PKODUCING PLANTS. 369 





lb. 



£ 



Sierra Leone .... 



1,680 value 



38 



South Nigeria . . 



312,000 



2,656 



Zanzibar and Pemba . 



5,540 



76 



British India .... 



. 833,000 



18,300 



Straits Settlements . . 



. 11,000,000 



190,342 



Ceylon 



1 OS 400 



±,oOO 



Other British Possessions 



28,000 



600 





14,929,090 



266,766 



UNENUMEEATED 



SPICES, ETC. 





From Germany .... 



. 208,721 



2,729 



„ Netherlands 



. 175,700 



6,146 



France . . . ■ 



13,840 



137 



China ..... 



130,180 



2,127 



„ Japan . . 



. 123,000 



1,080 



,, U.S. America 



. 376,000 



4,025 



„ Other Foreign Countries 



120,000 



3,000 





1,147,441 



19,244 



,, Zanzibar and Pemba . 



2,636,700 



73,570 



,, Britsh India . . . ~~~ . 



30,000 



630 



,, Straits Settlements 



487,000 



16,080 



,, Ceylon . . . . . 



lo,UUU ,, 



IVO 



,, Hong Kong . . . . . 



765,000 



17,520 



,, British "West Indies . 



5,663,230 



86,900 



,, Other British Possessions . 



82,000 



759 





10,829,371 



215,408 



Mustard. 



Three species are cultivated for commercial purposes. In Europe, 

 America, and the temperate parts of Africa and Asia Brassica (Sinapis) 

 alba and Brassica (Sinapis) nigra are grown. 



Brassica alba, White Mustard. — An annual ; the seeds are less 

 pungent than those of the black mustard, but are used in a similar 

 manner. It prefers argillaceous ground, and 1,400 pounds of seed from 

 an acre is considered a good crop. It is a most valuable green manure 

 and excellent sheep-fodder. 



Brassica nigra, Black Mustard, succeeds over a greater range of 

 latitudes than the preceding species. The seeds crushed and passed 

 through a sieve constitute the mustard of commerce. The seeds of this 

 species are preferable for medicinal purposes. Through aqueous distilla- 

 tion a volatile oil of extreme pungency is obtained from mustard seeds. 



Brassica juncea is the species cultivated in tropical countries — India, 

 China, and Africa. 



The markets of the world are supplied with mustard seed from India, 

 China, America, and a few of our Continental neighbours. The seeds 

 in Japan are extensively pressed for oil. The mustard is a good salad 

 plant, and also largely raised in India and China for pickle. When 

 separated from the seed the husk is not wasted, but subjected to a 

 process of steaming before the oil is crushed out. The husk is 

 finally converted into cake for manure. The oil is used for various 



VOL. XXXV. C C 



