526 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



by the nature of the nearest normal organ, as when the two sepals 

 of a Cattleya come to resemble the normal labellum in colour and crisped 



margins. 



In Gleditschia, pinnae may become compound so as closely to 

 resemble a normal leaf. 



The author shows that such cases discredit abnormalities as tending 

 to reveal the original ancestral form of any character. In some cases a 

 transference of this kind has played a part in the evolution of plants. In 

 Hahenaria quinqueseta, for instance, a stem apex is regularly organized 

 at the base of certain roots close to the punctum vegetationis, and vegeta- 

 tive reproduction is carried on by these roots. In the Mexican species of 

 Phyllonoma flowers are regularly produced from the upper surface of the 

 leaves near the apex. The author considers that the embryos due to 

 nucellus buds in Opuntia and the buds of the inner integument which 

 develop into embryos in the case of Spiranthes cernua (lowland form) are 

 also due to a similar transference. 



This transference of characters, or homoeosis, is shown to seriously 

 affect not only the idea of mutation but the Roux-Weismann theory, and 

 will need to be provided for in our ultimate theory of development. 



a. F. S.-E. 



Bulbophyllum campanulatum. By R. A. Rolfe (Bot. Mag. tab. 

 8281). — Nat. ord. Orchidaceae ; tribe Ep id endreae. Sumatra. Epiphytic 

 herb ; leaves 3-3^ inches long ; scapes slender, 3 inches long, 10-flowered ; 

 flowers, umbellate, § inch long, pink. — G. H. 



Caragana, Monograph on the Genus (Jour. Soc. Nat. Hort. Fr., 

 May 1909). — An account of a monograph by M. V. L. Komarov on the 

 genus Caragana, giving a complete list of its species and their varieties, 

 illustrated by full-page plates. — M. L. H. 



Caralluma Nebrownii. By N. E. Brown (Bot. Mag. tab. 8267).— 



Nat. ord. Asclepiadaceae ; tribe Cecropegieae. German S.W. Africa. Herb ; 

 stems succulent, leafless, 4-angled, angles toothed ; corolla rotate, 

 3^-4| inches across, reddish-purple outside, deep blackish-crimson 

 within. — G. II. 



Carnation alternariose (Bot. Gaz. vol. xlvii., No. 5, May 1909, 



pp. 409-413 ; with 2 figs.). — This disease is diagnosed by dry, nearly 

 circular, ashy white spots on leaves or stems, with a black fungus growth 

 in the centre. When it occurs at the nodes, the disease penetrates 

 through the stem, killing its tissue, and results in the death " of the more 

 distal portions of the plant." It especially affects the " Mrs. Thomas W. 

 Lawson " variety. It is due to a fungus which is here described and 

 figured by Messrs. Stevens and Hall, viz. Altemaria Dianthi, and which 

 occurred at Raleigh, North Carolina.— G. F. S.-E. 



Castilleja, New Species of (Bot. Gaz. vol. xlviii., No. 2, pp. 146- 



148, August 1909).— Mr. T. N. Greenman describes three new species 

 of Castilleja from the Wallowa Mountains, Orego'n, collected by Mr. W. C. 



Cusick.— G. F. S.-E. 



