544 JOUENAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



the foliage is more like the English variety ; thus they succeed the Tulip 

 in time of flowering. They were obtained by crossing, filifolia, Boisseri, 

 tingitana and others. Nine varieties named after Dutch painters, are 

 mentioned. — E. B. D. 



" Jardins Ouvriers." By M. J. Cure and by M. E. Delille (Jour. 

 Soc. Nat. Hort. Fr., April 1909, p. 294, and June 1909, p. 378).— Both 

 these articles deal with attempts which have been made in various indus- 

 trial centres in France to provide the artisan population with bits of 

 garden ground where they may grow vegetables and flowers for themselves 

 and their families, and may incidentally find a counter-attraction to the 

 public-house and cultivate the domestic virtues. 



So far the movement has resulted chiefly from the efforts of certain 

 philanthropists and social reformers, but attempts are being made to 

 enlist the help of practical horticulturists. 



Where such help has been forthcoming the success of these colonies of 

 gardens has invariably been assured, and it has been found that the evening 

 classes and demonstrations in garden work which are started for the 

 benefit of the mechanic are also much appreciated by the peasantry in the 

 various neighbourhoods. The ideal of all concerned is that each individual 

 tenant should eventually become the owner of his holding, and from 

 experience gained at the most successful groups " Jardins Ouvriers " the 

 following principles are established : — 



1. The gardens must be enclosed, to give a home-like feeling to each 

 tenant. This has been proved to be very important. 



2. Each garden must not be larger than a man quite unused to the 

 work may cultivate with ease during his leisure time, that the spot may 

 be a source of pleasure and not a burden to him. 



3. Some form of summer-house should be constructed in each garden, 

 as a pleasant assembling place for the family. 



'4. Part of each garden should be devoted to fruit, part to flowers, 

 part to the more delicate vegetables and fruits, such as tomatos, straw- 

 berries, and even melons, besides the commoner green crops, as the 

 raising of those garden luxuries proves a great source of pride and pleasure 

 to the fortunate grower, and it is even useful to devote some space to the 

 simpler medicinal plants as a means of teaching botany to the younger 

 generation. 



Apropos to this question a recent French law is mentioned which 

 authorizes the State to lend money for the purchase of small holdings, 

 not direct to the individual, but to properly constituted local societies 

 who advance the price of one hectare to applicants and are repaid in 

 yearly instalments, the borrowers being bound to cultivate the land 

 themselves and to insure their lives in a National Insurance Society as 

 security for the loan. — M. L. H. 



Julianiaceae, The Anatomy of the, Considered from the 

 Systematic Point of View. By F. E. Fritsch, D.Sc, Ph.D., F.L.S. 



(Trans. Linn. Soc. Botany Vol. vii. Part 8, pp. 129-151 ; 1908. Plates 

 20 and 21, and two text figures). — The new Natural Order of the 

 Julianiaceae was founded by Mr. W. Botting Hemsley to contain the 



