The system of 30 National Parks contain* areas of highest scenic and scientific 

 urandeur essentially in the primitive state. The National Park System, of the Department 

 of the Interior, administers these, as well as 150 other areas of outstanding national 

 significance. The law of the land enjoins that these be so used that they may be passed 

 unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations. 



The story of Hawaii National Pakk is the story of active volcanism distinguished 

 by eruption* of very fluent lava. The park is in two sections: that on the island of Hawaii 

 embraces the summit of Mauna Loa and most of Kilauea Volcano; the section on the 

 island of Maui includes the great crater of Haleakala. 



In the maze of lava streams that pour out during Hawaiian eruptions, areas of older surface 

 often escape cover by successive flows. An nans thus formed is called a kipuka, a word that also 

 means a loop or an open space in the forest. If a kipuka of large size is effectively isolated for a 

 long period of time, good, deep soil forms the plant inhabilants develop characteristics that reflect 

 the nature of their history and environment, a distinctive flora is evolved. Such i* the Kipuka 

 Puaulu with its area of 100 acre-. Some forty-odd species'of native trees have been claimed as 

 natural members of its flora. Many type specimens have been collected in it and described by 

 botanists. Authorities have been drawn from faraway countries to observe its treasures. It is a 

 lUgnificant place in the world of plant*. 



The name has been interpreted variously. Ptia means flower, but is also to be translated as a 

 collection of thine- bound together. Ulu is to grow; it is also the name for breadfruit, which 

 appear- inapplicable here. A popular nickname. Bird Park, has no significance and little to com 

 mend it. 



Pile 



To label a plant or natural specimen is too often prelude to its destruction or 

 removal Please respect the integrity of specimens and be thoughtful of those who 

 jolloiv you. 



Cigarette hutts and trash do not add to your enjoyment of the nark You can 

 easdy dUpose of them so that they cannot he ohnoxious to yon and to those nho 

 come after you. 



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Dodonaeas are found on all of the 

 larger islands of Hawaii. The three chief 

 spec ics lire I), viscosa, I), criocarpa, ami 

 I), sandtvicensis. IK viscosa is also found 

 in other parts of the Pacific. 



2. Ohia Lehua ( Metrosidei os collinu). 

 The nhia. like tin* eucalyptus and guava, 

 belongs to ihc Myrtle Family. It is found 

 throughout Polynesia, and grows from 

 gelhtevel to 9J0Q6 f»c| in Hawaii. It is 

 ihe commonest forest tree on the islands 

 often growing in almost pure stands. It 

 is a pioneer on most lava Hows. The 

 showy pompoms of bright red stamens 

 make it attractive while in flower. 



3. As you stand on this rise, look about 

 \ou. You are on the threshold of Kipuka 

 Puaulu. Note the contrasting scenes be- 

 hind and before sou. Almost all of the 

 trees on the Hows back of you are ohia: 

 the shrubs mixed through them are pu- 

 kiaue (Styphclia tatneiatneiae ) and 

 aulii. 



4. lonui (Dry opt ens paleacea). A 

 rather stiff, erect fern that is common in 

 Bird Park. Varieties or close relatives 

 of this fern are widespread throughout 

 the world. This and several other ferns 

 are erroneously termed laukahi, the Ha- 

 waiian word for plantain. Plantago 

 major. 



5. Palapalai (Microlepia setosa). a 

 lacy, attractive fern, one of the com- 

 monest along the trail. It prefers open 

 glades and edges of the woods. It grows 

 on all of the larger islands, and else- 

 where on Pac ihc Islands, Malaysia, In 

 dia, and Ceylon. It was used to decorate 

 the altars of Laka. goddess of the hula. 



Please help preserve the primitive scene by placing refuse in containers provided 

 for this purpose and by refraining from nicking, breaking, or removing /loners, ferns, 

 and natural specimens. 



At the start of the trail is an exhibit 

 with a map showing the outlines of the 

 kipuka. surrounded by prehistoric but 

 recent (before 1K00) flows. Four enm- 

 mon native birds, the apapane. liu i. ama- 

 kiln, and elcpaio, are illustrated in color. 

 This is a favorite- haunt, giving the nick- 

 name Bird Park. Since the birds forage 

 in the lofty canopy of trees, and sing 

 little during the heat of the day. patience 

 and cpii. t are necessary qualities for see- 

 mo and >tudying these alluring subjects. 



I. Aulii (l)nd(maea spj. one of the 

 commonest shrubs to be seen along roads 

 and trails in the park. It grows to the 

 size of a small tree along the Mauna Loa 

 Truc k Trail. Male ami female (lowers 

 appear on separate plants. The clusters 

 of \ellow or bright red seed capsules 

 with papery wings make thr shrub showy 

 while in fruit. These were used for leis 

 and lor extracting a brilliant red dye 

 wilh boiling water. Kapu and othei 

 things were colored with it The wood 

 of the plant is tough and durable, useful 

 tot spears and various purposes. 



Aolii with copiules 



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