<>. Sword Fern, Ntonfoti or Okupu- 

 kupu (Nepkrokph exaltata). Several 

 Sp^CiCS exist in the park, Native totropi- 

 ml and subt, Opfcal climes, the Mu , r d f,. rn 

 is H popular house plant that exhibits 

 manv varieties. This is a pioneer plant 

 in HW lava fields and 0f i the floor of 

 Kilauea Crater. \ V er> hair) variety 

 M hifsutula, grows abundantly In steam 

 (racks. 



7. The common herbs forming a ground 

 i over here are an introduced geranium 

 <A> and the native slrawberrv <7tt). 

 "Itrlo papa (Fra^uia <lolornsisl. The 

 latter hears fruits that are small, while, 

 and often of good fl avor> 

 berry [% distributed [mi,, ,outhe,u Chile 

 t" the Aleutians. 



I vigorous grove contains papda 



""///c. matnaki. manrlr and o///V/ /V///u/ 

 lives [ hese an- discussed indiv iduallv 

 •long the trail. 



«. Miimane (Sophota <lu\sophyUa). 

 \ common shruh or small tree found 

 frirtVl 2,080- 10.000 feet on all island, 

 except Molokai. this member of thr 

 bean family bears attractive sellow 

 flowers and rompound leave-. It is n 

 related to the golden Inw It i> 



6*gerlj »aten bv livestock and feral 

 ii"als. that have eradicated it in man\ 

 areas. The wood is ver> hard and dur- 

 able, N-tr thr winged poda and shim 

 orange or yellow seeds, if the trees are 

 in fruit. The mamnnc endemic to the 

 Hawaiian Islands, but other species of 

 Am g*IUfe more than two dozen in num. 

 ner. are found distributed throughout 

 warmer regions of the world. 



9. Kopiko (Straussia II 'itlrbnwtfii ) is 

 an abundant tree in Bird Park. It bc- 

 Ibllgl to the important Coffee Family, 

 which is widespread. r< mostly tropical, 

 and has 350 genera, of which a dozen an 

 natlV* to the Hawaiian Islands. Of (fat*, 

 Straussia. Couldia. and liobea are cn- 

 itetniC, Kopiko in Bird Park are readilv 

 identified bv their dark green, opposite 

 leaves that have c:on<pi*-uow midrib- 

 ;, "d veins. A s <al\ aphid often Mtfefft 

 the lower surface &f the leaves. 



Kopiko 



io. lliiui.iiiiii olive, Oiopua to.,,,,,,, 



«-r\ leaves max („• M \ i, 1( .|„. s |„ np „„ 



wiv y ,, mp irnrs. The b«jt, dense itood 



uas used for handles of spears ami a<lzes. 



OtmmUuu belong! to the same fomih 



«» the rulltx ntrd olive. Ol. a ritniji,'.! 



I 



v 



V 



\ V 



Olc 



1 1. Soapberry . 



koi on (i I. 1 1 is rer 

 lire appears t« 

 ergreen soai 



ca. Here lh» 

 autumn ai 

 The smooth 



peels off ill big 

 compound with 

 lets: mi VOUI 

 w ingcd 

 The pulp> 

 nin. will 

 round 



uu\v fSapfafju 



p-kable that this 

 identical with 

 of tropical 

 tves become yellow- 

 are shed in winter, 

 irk on larger trees 

 The leaves are 



n> .if baf- 

 ts llic\ often grow on 



Battened stembta. 



'lings contain sapon- 

 ins in water. The bard. 



i black seeds are sought 

 for bead Iris. 



I*;i|>alejf kepati (Tisonta inrmn>>. 



long leaves are dark and 

 tflOM of mail) other Ha 

 they may be very large on 

 rees. The fruits, borne in a 

 |pc f) to 12 inches long, 

 Hiir. Hied b\ the e,n!-, 

 Itching perching birds 

 feathers .for feather clonks and 

 ornaments. The word krjmi/ means a 



viscous liquid lito tai oi molasses. 



[Si 1*110 | ( oprosinu i //> mora/fxi | . 01 

 the half hundred species in this geiUI4 

 fifteen have been described from the Ha 

 waiian Islands. Several species ocem 

 H9 trees and shrubs in the park: of tin s, 

 -pi aw ling Lukariirnr. so common mi 

 barren lava fields and open forest, is 

 be>t known. A member of the Coffee 

 Family, little use appears to have been 

 made of these small trees. The juln i- 

 readll) recognized bs its opposite lenvo 

 With broad triangular stipules between 

 tbeii stems forming a loose, funnel- 

 sbaped sheath 



I I. Kriu kcii. Kihm ( 1'frntlinm a<fin 

 Ktiumh The coamopolitan bracken, pos- 

 sibly UlC best known fern, grows abun 

 dnntl\ in open grassland. The native 

 form is found from elevations of MH) !<» 

 9JXQ feel. The plant has a creeping. 

 Underground stem upon which the large, 

 coarse, trinngulnr fronds v-'t"^ Varied 

 use is made of the plant throughout the 

 world such as foi food, medieine. litter 

 and basket material. The fruiting bodies 

 of bracken occur in a continuous band 

 ■ rlong the edges of a frond, whuh ar< 

 partial!) rolled back over it. 



Popolo kepou 



