76 



Reviews and Book Notices. 



He suggested that I should send a note to the 'Naturahst.' 

 It would be interesting to have the opinions of other Entomo- 

 logists on the subject. 



Mr. Barry is quite right in stating that the sound alluded 

 to is caused by the fall of the excrement (or frass as it is termed 

 * by lepidopterists) , and the fact is well known, I suppose, to most 

 field lepidopterists. But it is not all caused by the larvae of 

 Tortrix viridana, for although that species ordinarily far out- 

 numbers probably any other, there are many other species with 

 it, and those of Cheimatohia brumata, Hybernia defoliaria and 

 other HybernidcB are in some seasons in immense numbers. 

 I have seen the oaks, and in a lesser degree the birches, com- 

 pletely defoliated by the larvae of Hybernia defoliaria and 

 H. aurantiavia. These larvae, too, are very much larger than 

 those of the Tortrix, and consequently the noise made by the 

 dropping of the frass will be greater. If when next Mr. Mason 

 is in the woods, and hears this sound, he will spread a news- 

 paper, or sit under a badly-infested oak for a few minutes, he 

 will be quite convinced as to the source of the sound. More- 

 over, these larvae eat comparatively little in the daytime, the 

 great bulk of the feeding being done during the night. 



G. T. P. 







In part 76 of the Yorkshire Archaeological Journal are, 

 amongst other items, notes ' On a Sculptured Representation of Hell 

 Cauldron, recentl}^ found at York ' by J. Bilson, F.S.A. ; ' Evidence of 

 the Religious Beliefs of the Ancient Britons ' by J. R. Mortimer, and ' Notes 

 on a British Chariot Burial at Hunmanby, by T. Sheppard. 



We have received a volume entitled 'Barrow Naturalists' Field Club 

 and Literary and Scientifc Association. Annual Reports, Proceedings, 

 etc., for 29th and 30th years ended March, 1906. Vol. 18, published 1907. 

 The volume contains 168 pages, and though appearing perhaps a little 

 late in the day, it is a very useful production, and reflects every credit upon 

 the editor, Mr. Harper Ga3'thorpe. There is a useful summary of the work 

 accomplished by the Club during the two years, in addition to a summary 

 of the various papers read before its meetings. We are glad to notice that 

 the editor has given particular prominence to papers of local interest, 

 though there are also summaries of papers on such subjects as ' Irish 

 Humour and Humourists,' ' The Sunny South,' ' Ancient Rome,' ' To the 

 Arctic Regions and back in a fortnight,' etc., possibly out of respect to those 

 who had delivered the lectures. Such items, however, would be much 

 better omitted from publications of this nature, and we feel sure our 

 Barrow friends would be able to spend the money they have cost, on notes 

 having a bearing on their own district. Of particular value are the papers 

 dealing with ' \Vaste of Coast Line, Furness and \Valney in 1,000 years ' 

 by W. B. Kendall ; ' Recent Work amongst the Birds,' by Dr. Daniel ; 

 'Furness Abbey in the days of the Monastery,' b\^ H. G. Pearson, and 

 ' The Crankes of Urswick,' and ' Swarthmoor Friends' Meeting House,' 

 by the editor. The volume is illustrated. 



Naturalist, 



