Hind: Carboniferous Geology. 



The question of the homotaxial equivalent of the Tuedian 

 group will be more difficult to settle. They have a great 

 affinity lithologically, and palaeontologically, with the Carboni- 

 ferous Sandstone Series of the East of Scotland, of which the 

 plant remains give very valuable evidence, but those groups 

 of fossils on which at the present time we rely as zonal indexes 

 for the Limestone are practically absent, owing to the nature of 

 the deposit. But having determined the horizon of the lowest 

 coral and brachiopod bearing limestone, it will not be impos- 

 sible to assume the relative age of sandstone which imme- 

 diately underlies it. 



EAST OF SCOTLAND. 

 The Lower Carboniferous succession of the East of Scotland, 

 consists of the following members : — 



Carboniferous Limestone Series. 

 Upper Limestone group 

 Coal-bearing group. 

 Lower Limestone group. 



Calciferous Sandstone Series. 

 Burdiehouse Limestone group. 

 Cement Stone group. 



The succession and palaeontology of these beds have been 

 well worked out, and the results published in the Memoirs of 

 the Geological Survey of Scotland ; the Geology of East Fife ; 

 and Central and Western Fife and Kinrossshire. 



The Hurlet Limestone is taken as the base of the Carboni- 

 ferous Limestone Series, and its fauna is certainly that of the 

 Upper Dihunophyllum zone. Consequently some portion of 

 the Calciferous Sandstone Series must be of Lower Dihuno- 

 phyllum age, and this bears out the contentions of the late J. G. 

 Goodchild, that a good deal of this Calciferous Sandstone 

 Series was the homotaxial equivalent of the Carboniferous 

 Limestone further South. 



On consulting the memoirs mentioned above, it will be noted 

 that the Calciferous Sandstone is much more fossiliferous 

 in the East of Fife than in the West, and the marine character 

 of the deposits more pronounced. 



WEST OF SCOTLAND. 

 The Liddlesdale and Eskdale beds are interesting, and yield 

 a lamellibranch fauna which I consider low. But further than 

 this I am not prepared to dogmatise at present. 



1909 May I. 



