472 



THE GEOLOGIST. 



smaller or ventral valve, showing that the muscular impressions were exactly similar 

 to those observable in Spirifera; no septa existed in this valve, so that the shell 

 cannot be classed with Pentamcrus. None of the fragments, however, exhibited a 

 trace of spiral processes, but this is no proof that they might not have existed. The 

 terms Athyris and Atrypa have been made use of in this paper, but I wish it to 

 be distinctly understood that I do not recommend their adoption. I used them as 

 mere names, and on account of their priority of date ; but, as the generality of 

 naturalists on the Continent, and some in Great Britain, have for some time past 

 made up their minds to repudiate both M'Coy's and Dalman's misnomers, for the 

 reason that they involve a zoological mistake, my readers can adopt M. d'Orbigny's 

 substitutes of Spirigera for Athyris, and Spirigerina for Atrypa, although other 

 denominations might have been preferable. 



ERRATUM. 



In page 412, line 19, instead of genus Atrypa, Dalm. = Spiri/erina, D'Orb., read 

 Spirigerina, d'Orb. 



THE COMPARATIYE GEOLOGY OF HOTHAM, NEAR SOUTH 

 CAVE, YORKSHIRE. 

 By the Rev. T. W. Koewood, of Cheltenham. 

 {Continued from page 424.) 

 II. It is about a mile across the Lower Lias, on which the villages of 

 ITorth Cave and Hotham are situated, to another gently-rising ground 

 which ascends out of Hotham Park to the eastward in a beautiful 

 sloping bankj and being tastefully planted with stately trees, contributes 

 very much to the charm of the scenery. Coming in with my hammer 

 to the ancient village, in the bright and odorous evenings of midsummer, 

 I have often been arrested by the sweetness of this place ; and, enamoured 

 of its serene and peaceful beauty, I have loitered to admire its dark 

 plantations, and the greensward slope that I am now describing, and 

 the illuminated wold rising high in the distance. It is the low escarp- 

 ment of the Middle Lias which declines thus pleasantly into the park 

 at Hotham. As we go out of North Cave towards Beverley, this bank 

 may be observed to rest upon soft blue shales, which have hitherto 

 supplied no fossils. When we begin to ascend it, we may turn into a 

 copse on the right-hand side and study the section in a marl-pit, or we 

 may notice the roadside cutting. In either case, we shall observe that 

 the beds change as foUows : — Erom blue shales at the bottom and lower 

 part of the ascent, through brown earthy-looking shales and sand with 

 irregular broken bands of nodular clay-ironstone, one of which enclosed 



