106 



JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



A special study of this particular association, " Gerollpflanzen, " which 

 should be consulted by all ecologists. The physical conditions are 

 very thoroughly examined. The habitats are divided first into 

 weathering detritus, gTavel-heaps, watercourses on grayel-heaps, 

 Lawinen on gravel or screes, Lawinen at the foot of gravel-heaps, and 

 these are subdivided into^ schistose, granitic or dolomitic, &c., or eugo- 

 genous and dyseogenous, siliceous and calciferous rocks. The 

 characteristic root forms and renewal shoots, &c., are also fully 

 described. Then follows a full description of the fifty-five charac- 

 teristic plants, followed by an abstract showing habitats and renewal 

 shoots, &c., of each of them. — G. F'. S. E. 



A new species of Alternaria. By L. L. Harter {Mycologia, in. 

 p. 154; 1911). — The leaves of Forsythia suspensa were found in Wash- 

 ington diseased, apparently through the attack of a species of Alternaria, 

 fo-r which the specific name Forsythiae is proposed. The spots occurred 

 on the surface of leaf, were sub-circular, grey or greyish-brown, and 

 margined by dark brown. The spots were marked with concentric 

 circles. — F. J. C. 



Anthyllis (Section Vulneraria). By W. Becker {Beih. Bot. 

 Cent. Bd. 27, Abt. ii. Heft 2, pp. 256-87).— A detailed description and 

 discussion of the species, sub-species and little species of the group 

 Anthyllis Vulneraria. The author's classification differs from that 

 adopted by others. As regards colour, he believes that the red colour 

 of the petals was predominant in the Tertiary period, and pale colouring 

 is connected with cooler climate and also with an inland as compared 

 with a sea habitat. — G. F. S. E. 



Anthurium with Black Flowers {Oestr. Gart. Zeit. vol. vi. 



pt. xii. p. 467). — Anthurium. watermaliense bears shining black flowers. 

 The spadix is white, pale brown at the end. — S. E. W . 



Ants, To Destroy. By J. Salom [Rev. Hort. de VAlgerie, p. 77, 

 March 1911); and by F. Foumot (Rev. Hort. de VAlgerie, p. 287, Aug. 

 1911). — Various methods of destroying or checking the harm done 

 by ants are described in these two articles. In the spring, when 

 the little heaps thrown up by ants are first noticed, cover them with 

 flower-pots. The warmth inside the pot will bring all the ants into 

 it in the course of a day or two, when the trap may be visited and 

 the ants destroyed with a mixture of a wineglassful of creasol or 

 creasote to ten litres of water. At the same time the heap should be 

 well stirred up with a stick and watered with the same mixture. This 

 mixture may be made one-quarter stronger w^ithout injuring plants or 

 flowers. A few drops put at the entrance to the ant-hill also has a good 

 effect. If it does not kill the ants its smell drives them away. 



To prevent their ravages in trees put a woollen bandage round the 

 trunk of the tree about a yard from the ground, which will discourage 

 ^tbem by entangling their feet as they try to mount to the leaves, and 



