116 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



In considering native varieties M. Lavialle only accepts two types — 

 C. silvesiris macrocarpa and C. silvestris microcarpa. From the first 

 of these comes the cultivated chestnut. He also devotes some pages 

 to exotic species. — M. L. H. 



Caterpillars, Bag- Shelter. By W. W. Froggatt {Agr. Gaz. 

 N.S.W. vol. xxii. pt. V. pp. 443-7; 2 plates). — The caterpillars of 

 Team contraria and Ocinaria lewinae do great damage to Acacia pendula 

 and Eucalyptus. Their nests should be destroyed, but care must be 

 exercised in doing so, as the hairs contained in them cause a painful 

 rash if they come in contact with the skin. Horses feeding on pasture 

 swarming with these hairy caterpillars suffer from ulceration of the 

 mouth, which sometimes causes their death. — S. E. W. 



Celmisias. By G. H. Curtis {Gard. Mag. No. 3016, p. 609, 

 Aug. 19, 1911 ; plate). — The genus Celmisia is almost entirely con- 

 fined to New Zealand. It comprises a number of species with large 

 daisy-like flowers, described by those who have seen them in their 

 natural habitat as possessing great beauty, but until recently they 

 have never been successfully grown in this country. At Kew cultural 

 difficulties have been overcome, and a number of species, all of which 

 are described, have been flowered with great success. 



It is suggested that when these cultural requirements are still 

 better understood they will be largely grown, and become plants of 

 as great value as has been the case with Gerhera Jamesoni. — E. B. 



Ceratitis eapitata, The Orang-e Fly. By A. de Mazieres {Rev. 



Hort. de I'Algerie, p. 330, Oct. 1911). — The orange fly has been in- 

 creasing of late years and must be combated. It attacks several other 

 fruit-trees besides the orange, which gives it a long period in which 

 to exercise its baneful activities, as it goes from fruit to fruit as they 

 each come into season. The fly lays its eggs in the rind of the orange, 

 so all fallen and affected fruit must be collected and destroyed at once. 

 It has been noticed that when a fly visits a particular orange other 

 flies collect there too. It is, therefore, suggested that any fruit which 

 appears to be attacked should be smeared with a mixture of castor-oil 

 and resin, which will act as a trap to the flies. A method of catching 

 them in basins of water, containing some poisonous mixture, is also 

 described. — M. L. H. 



Cercis, Length of Pod and Fertility in. By J. A. Harris {Bot. 

 Gaz. pp. 117-27, Aug. 1910; 1 fig.). — The author has carried out a 

 biometrical research. Length of pod and number of ovules in each 

 are distinctly correlated. The number of seeds developing is also 

 related to the length of the pod, as well as to the number of ovules 

 in a pod. Of a total gross correlation of .500 between length of pod 

 and number of mature seeds, .300 is due to some morphogenetic or. 

 physiological relationship between the number of seeds developing and 

 the length of the pod.— G. F. S. E. 



