184 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



(3) The means of transporfc, which may be briefly summarized as 

 follows : — 



The West Indies are capable of producing large supplies of fruit 

 (bananas, citrus fruits, pineapples, and soft fruits). It would be well 

 if the buyer could make his purchases in the West Indies, and under- 

 take packing and shipping. Eegular and frequent steamer commu- 

 nication is essential, the boats to be fitted with cool, not cold, storage 

 accommodation. The payment of a subsidy is desirable. — C. H. L. 



Transpiration-Current, Air bubbles in the. By Wlad. Scha- 

 poschnikoff {Beih. Bot. Geniralhl. Bd. 27, Abt. i. Heft 3, pp. 438-44; 

 with 2 figs.). — The author considers that these bubbles (Jamin's chain) 

 are formed of carbonic acid and other gas diffusing out of the sap. He 

 describes an ingenious apparatus by which similar bubbles can be pro- 

 duced in a glass tube, and considers that, as shown in such experi- 

 ments, the gas will diffuse through cross membranes in consequence of 

 differences in tension in the element above and below such membranes. 



G. F.S. E. 



Tree Cavities, Filling-. By J. J. Levison {Mycologia, i. p. 77; 

 1909). — A good description of this necessary work in preserving old 

 trees is given, with illustrations of the work to be done. — F. J. C. 



Trochila populorum Desm. By C. W. Edgerton {Mijcologia, ii. 

 p. 169; 1910; fig.). — The author beheves that the common fungus 

 Marssonia castagnei (Desm. and Mont.), which causes brown spotting 

 of the leaves of Populus alba, is a stage in the life-history of Trochila 

 populorum, which occurs on dead leaves in spring. He did not succeed 

 in tracing the whole life-cycle. — F. J. C. 



Ulmus, British. By C. E. Moss, D.Sc. {Gard. Chron. 1912, 

 March 30, p. 199; April 6, p. 216; April 13, p. 234; 3 figs, and | 

 1 m.ap). — The British Elms are here arranged under nine heads, | 

 thus: — ' 



1. Ulmus campestris L. Sp. PL 235 (1753) partim; Fl. Angl. 

 (1754). The Enghsh Elm {= U. procera Salisbury, Prodr. 391, | 

 1796). 



2. U. sativa Miller, Gard. Diet. ed. 8, no. 3 (1768). The Small- | 

 leaved Elm {= U. suberosa Ehrhart, non auct. pi. = U. Plotii 

 Druce*). 



3. U. nitens Mcench, Meth. PI. 333 (1794). The Smooth-leaved 

 Elm (= P. glabra Miller, non Hudson). 



4. U. glabra Hudson, Fl. Angl. 95 (1762). The Wych Elm 

 (= U. scabra Miller = U. montana Stokes). j 



5. U. glabra Hudson x nitens Mcench — (a) U. hoUandica. j 

 The Dutch Elm (= U. hollandica Miller, Gard. Diet. ed. 8, no. 5, j 

 1768 = U. major Smith, Engl. Bot. t. 2542, 1814). 



6. U. minor Miller, Gard. Diet. ed. 8, no. 6 (1768). Plot's Elm 

 (but not U. Plotii Druce). 



* In Journ. Northamptotishire Nat. Hist. Soc. xxi. 88 (Nov. 1911). See also 

 Gard. Chron. 1. 408 (1911). 



