236 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



than a right angle to the axis of the flower stem. Examples of the 

 flat type are ' Peasgood's Nonsuch ' and * Gravenstein. * 



The various petal forms are to be found in all sizes, but upon the 

 whole the form shown at the top right of fig. 86 is general in the largest 

 flowers. The smallest size shown is the * Old Golden Pippin.' 



Colour. — The colour of the expanded petal is very characteristic and 

 is generally confined to the outside, but there are certain varieties in 

 which a general suffusion is common to both sides. Such, for instance, 

 is ' Golden Spire.' 



The difference of colour is most prominent when the flower is in 

 bud, and it forms an excellent recognition mark, and one to which we 

 believe attention has not hitherto been drawn. The flower buds should 

 be examined when about the size of a pea, and it will then be found 

 that the colours are most distinct, ranging from a light yellowish pink 

 {Rip. des Couleurs, Hydrangea Pink Ts) to the darkest carmine (Eouge 

 Oramoisi, 114 TJ. 



The value of this differentiating mark will be appreciated in the case 

 of such easily confused apples as ' Pott's Seedling ' and * Grenadier 

 and ' Lane's Prince Albert ' and ' Striped Beefing.' In each case the 

 first-named of the two pairs has very dark flowers and the second 

 light. A further case may be mentioned in that of 'William's 

 Favourite ' and * Worcester Pearmain,' apples of the same season and 

 of often similar appearance. The widely different colours of the buds 

 will make identification easy. 



Calyx. — The size, shape, and woolliness are of course well observed 

 in the fruit and we need not discuss them here, except to say that the 

 differences are more easily seen in the flowering stage. 



Relative Lengths of Pistil and Stamens. — This is a character of some 

 value, and is, so far as our observation has gone, one of the most 

 constant. 



In fig. 87 a flower is shown from which the petals have been 

 removed, and here the styles are almost double the length of the 

 stamens. In fig. 88 the styles equal the length of the stamens, and 

 in some few cases they are actually shorter. It should be observed 

 that the stamens usually attain their maximum size first, and are 

 generally dehiscing when the pistil has reached its full length. Examples 

 of these variations are as follows : — ■ 



Styles longer than stamens — 'Lane's Prince Albert,' * Ormeade 

 Pearmain,' * Gravenstein.* 



Styles and stamens equal — * Baumann's Eed Winter Eeinette,' 

 * Mother, ' * Lord Derby, ' * Golden Spire. ' 



Styles shorter than stamens — ' Bramley's Seedling,' 'Stunner 

 Pippin,' ' Coronation.' 



Various Style Forms. — Two well-defined forms exist, as may be| 

 seen by reference to figs. 89 and 90. In fig. 89 it will be seen that 

 the styles are united, forming a column of half their total length. 

 In different varieties of the same type the column may be longer or| 

 shorter, but it preserves on the whole a very constant length, and a 



