NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



671 



than singles, and a true breeding one that throws singles only. The 



sulphur-white breeds untrue to both singleness and colour, always 

 throwing single whites, double creams, and a small proportion of 

 double whites. It is further shown that on the whole the seeds which 

 are destined to yield double-flowered plants are longer-lived than those 

 destined to yield singles, but that there is no visual means of dis- 

 tinguishing the two forms, nor do seeds from different parts of the 

 plant or from different parts of the pods give markedly different 

 results.— F. J. 0. 



Stone Fruits in Oreg-on. By E. H. Weber (U.S.A. St. Bd. Hort. 

 Oregon Rep. p. 93; 1909-10). — Besides apples and pears, stone fruits 

 are largely grown in Oregon; in fact, this State holds pride of place in 

 supplying the world with fresh and evaporated Italian prunes. 



Next in importance come peaches. The long season of ripening 

 enables the grower to harvest his own crop without extra help. The 

 annual production of peaches amounts to millions of boxes. 



Apricots were not equal in quantity to the demand, but this will 

 soon be remedied. 



Cherries are in great demand, can only be grown in certain dis- 

 tricts, and are very prolific. 



Comparing the culture of stone fruits with the apple and pear, 

 there are three directions in which they are cheaper to grow : — 



(1) They ripen early in the season, and therefore require less culti- 

 vation. 



(2) With few exceptions, they do not require thinning. 



(3) No' summer spraying is necessary, as the codling moth does not 

 attack them. — C. H. L. 



Succulent Plants, Transpiration in. By E. Marion Delf (Ann. 

 Boi. xxvi. p. 409-441; April 1912).— The subject is dealt with firstly 

 in relation to the structure of the plant, and secondly in relation to 

 habitat. In the first place the transpiring surface, the water-storing 

 system, and the conducting system are distinguished and dealt with 

 in detail. In the second, different types of plants are selected and 

 discussed — namely, desert plants, epiphytes, halophytes, and alpines. 

 A full summary of results is given, and in conclusion the author states 

 that " many of the peculiarities of succulent plants must be regarded 

 as adaptations to environment of real importance to the plant. They 

 may be produced during the lifetime of the individual ... or they 

 may appear as permanent characteristics. ... In all cases, however, 

 the presence of aqueous tissue and the power of water-storage are 

 probably of the first importance in the economy of the individual, 

 and enable it to support a rate of water-loss which is very considerable, 

 relative to the transpiring surface. " — A. B.C. 



Sug-ar Cane, Damage to, in Louisiana, by the Sugar Cane 



; Borer. By T. C. Barber (U.S.A. Dep. Agr., Bur. Entom., Circ. 139 ; 

 i June 1911- 7 tables). — The sugar-cane borer (Diatraeci saccharalis 



