302 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Monilia fructigena. Apples decaying from its effects often hang on 

 trees, and if in contact with a branch the fungus passes in and forms 

 a canker. The mycehum also passes into the wood from fruit spurs 

 infected from flowers or fruit. Attacks should be met by removal of 

 all dead wood and cankers, followed by spraying with Bordeaux 

 mixture, and flower spurs attacked in spring should be cut off. 



E. A. B. 



Apple * Deacon Jones.' By U. P. Hedrick (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., 

 Geneva, New York, Bull. ^6^, 1913). — An apple of recent origin, recom- 

 mended for market purposes. — E. A. Bd. 



Apple * DeliciouSo' By U. P. Hedrick (U.S. A . Exp. Stn., Geneva, New 

 York, Bull. 364). — This fruit is perhaps the best advertised of American 

 types, and is recommended for home use and possibly for market 

 culture. As far as present trials have gone, it seems likely to do well 

 also in this country. — E, A. Bd. 



Apple Leaf-spot Fungi, Experiments with. By J. W. Roberts 

 (Jour. Agr. Research, ii. pp. 57-66, April 1914 ; figs.). — The experi- 

 ments described indicate that AUernaria mali, sp. n., is capable of 

 causing enlargement of dead spots on apple foliage, and is a rather 

 strong facultative parasite. Coniothyrium pirinum has little power 

 in this direction, while Coryneum foliicolum, Phyllosticta limitata, 

 Monochaetia mali, and Phomopsis mali are (on apple leaves) purely 

 saprophytic. — F. J. C. 



Apple Maggot, A Study of the Biology of the, together with 

 an Investigation of Methods of Control. By James F. lUingworth 

 (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Cornell, Dep. Entom., Bull. 324, Dec. 1912 ; 

 29 figs, and bibhography) . — The apple maggot is the larva of a fly 

 (Rhagoletis pomonella) which destroys apples by tunnelling the 

 fruit, causing it to become brown and rotten. The eggs are laid 

 in punctures made in the skin, and hatch in from two to six days, 

 according to the temperature. The larvae feed on the pulp for two 

 weeks to two months or more. The pupa stage is usually spent in 

 the ground, just below the surface, and sometimes within decayed 

 fruit. It may last for only a month for the early-emerging larvae, but 

 continues all the winter in late varieties. 



The methods of control consist of picking up windfalls and spraying 

 with arseniate of lead when the flies emerge, repeating every ten days 

 while the flies are about. — V. G. J. 



Apple 'Opalescent.' By U. P. Hedrick (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., 

 Geneva, New York, Bull. 364). — An apple of recent origin, which has 

 become rapidly known in the United States. In use until January 

 Remarkable for its briUiant colour. — E. A. Bd. 



