6l4 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Apple * White Winter Calville.' By Echterman (Gartenflora, 

 vol. Ixiii. pp. 246-251; 2 plates). — 'White Winter Calville ' bears 

 remunerative crops when grown as a cordon against a wall protected 

 from spring frosts by linen screens at flowering time. The trees are 

 planted in a mixture of sandy loam, chalk, basic slag, and well- 

 rotted horse-dung in a well-drained situation. Every year a top 

 dressing is given consisting of 4 ounces of potash salts to each tree, in 

 addition to a liberal supply of farmyard manure. The trees are 

 sprayed with Bordeaux mixture early in February, before the buds 

 open, and again when the fruit begins to set. Large crops are grown 

 in Dahlem, and sold in BerHn, as French Winter Calvilles. — S. E. W. 



Apples, Experiments in Dusting and Spraying. By F. M. 

 Blodgett [U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Cornell, Bull. 340, 1914 ; figs.). — 

 Experiments in the apphcation of insecticides in a finely-ground 

 dry form as against the spraying method. The tests are not yet 

 completed, but the author considers that the " dry way is a promising 

 method.— A. Bd. 



Apples, Packing Indiana. By W. R. Palmer {U.S.A. Exp. Stn., 

 Purdue, Circ. 39, 1914; figs.). — Concise directions for packing this 

 fruit in boxes, with a copy of the Sulzer Bill. — E. A. Bd. 



i Arabis attacked by Fungus. By R. Laubert [Gartenflora, 

 vol. Ixiii. pp. 303, 304). — ^When Arabis is attacked by white rust 

 {Cystopus candidus) pale-yellow spots appear on the leaves and a white 

 powder is found on the under-surface. No remedy has been found 

 for the disease, so the plants should be destroyed. Shepherd's Purse 

 {Capsella Bursa-pastoris) acts as a host for this fungus, consequently it 

 should not be allowed to grow in a flower garden. — S. E. W. 



Araucaria, Cone and Fertilization of. By L. Lancelot 

 Buriingame [Bot. Gaz. Ivii. pp. 490-508, June 1914 ; 3 plates and 2 

 figs.). — ^The cones of A. hrasiliensis shed their seeds in autumn or 

 winter when approximately two years old. Of the 400-500 spore 

 leaves not more than one in twenty is fertile, and many ovules fail 

 to mature ; all the cones are abundantly polHnated. — G. F. S. E. 



Arsenate of Lead as an Insecticide, Powdered. By W. E. 

 Hinds (Jour. Econ. Entom. vi. p. 477 ; Dec. 1913). — Reports the 

 successful use of arsenate of lead in the form of a powder, applied as a 

 dust spray. The men employed in applying it were in no way 

 injured. — F. J. C. 



Arsenate of Lead, Some Properties of various Forms of. By 



J. A. Dew (Jour. Econ. Entom. vii. pp. 162-167 ; April 1914). — Three 

 forms of lead arsenate are on the market : the acid salt (PbHAsOi) 

 (33 per cent, arsenic oxide), the neutral (Pb3(As04)2) (25 to 27 per 

 cent, arsenic oxide), and the basic containing an excess of the base 

 (20 per cent, arsenic oxide). Experiments show that the efficiency of 



