^JOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



30-40 members". cC. The antennas are in different planes ; only one is 

 sensitive. C. pileatum, C. Christyanum, C. saccatum, and C. tabulare. 

 b. Antennae in one plane, both sensitive. C. barhatum, C. cernuum, 

 C. Darwinianum, C. Garnettianum, C. lufidum, C. sanguineum, C. 

 callosum, C. Trulla, and many others. 



III. Ecirrhosae. Dioecious. The labellum is beloW the male' 

 flower ; the female flower is not known. C. calceolaium, C. 

 glaucoglossum, C. roseum, C. Russellianiim, C. Scurra, C. violascens, and' 

 C. Warscewiczii belong to this group. 



IV. Pseudocatasetum. Hermaphrodite flowers, with labellum below 

 and no antennae. This class includes C. discolor and C. longijolium. 

 These orchids are extremely interesting on account of the results they 

 yield on hybridization. C. X splendens, a hybrid of C. macrocarpum, 

 and C. pileatum exhibit ten different forms of flowers. They thrive 

 in Osmunda fibre, or mixed Osmunda and Sphagnum.— >S. E. W. 



Cherry * Abbesse d'Oignies.' By U. P. Hedrick {U.S.A. Exp. 

 Sin., Geneva, New York, Bull. 385, 1914 ; col. pL). — A variety of the 

 * Duke ' race, with the more tender flesh of the ' Montmorencies. ' Much 

 grown in Western Europe, and considered promising for the Eastern 

 States of North America. — E. A. Bd. 



Chestnut Blight. By F. D. Heald and M. W. Gardner (Phyto- 

 pathology, iii. pp. 296-305 ; December 1913 ; figs.). — By an ingenious 

 method of collecting the spores, the authors show that every winter 

 rain washes down viable spores of the chestnut bark fungus from 

 diseased areas, and incidentally they show that the so-called " summer 

 spores " are very abundant during the winter also. — F. J. C. 



Chestnut, Endothia Canker of. By P. J. Anderson and W. H. 

 Rankin {U.S.A. Exp, Stn., Cornell, Bull. 347, June 1914 ; figs.) — • 

 The chestnut bark disease has proved very serious indeed in the States, 

 and this bulletin gives a very full account of the fungus and its develop- 

 ment, and of the measures to be adopted against it. The authors 

 consider the fungus to be different from the European Endothia 

 radicalis, and adopt Murrill's name, E. parasitica, for it. — F. J. C. 



Clematis montana rubens. By G. T. Grignan {Rev. Hort., 

 June I, 1914, pp. 245-6 ; i ill.), — This note strongly recommends the 

 wider use of this very beautiful and quite hardy Clematis, owing to 

 its free habit, abundant florescence, and bright and attractive colour. 

 Requires plenty of water, but seems to be immune from insect attack. 



C. T. D. 



Coniferous Seedlings, The Damping-off of. By P. Spaulding 

 {Phytopathology, iv. p. 73 ; April 1914 ; one plate). — The author 

 concludes that damping-off of coniferous seedhngs is caused by several 

 widely-different fungi, and occurs under very different conditions in 

 different places. Each case, therefore, requires special investigation. 

 Soil sterilization by the use of formalin (i oz. to i gallon), sulphuric 



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