96 



JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HC>RT1CULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Sand pears and pears are commonly propagated by grafting, of 

 which Kiritsugi, sphce-grafting, and top-working are the commonest. 

 Cuttings and layers are seldom used. Yamanashi, Quince, Koringo, 

 and Kempo-nashi (Hovenia dulcis) are used as stocks. Japanese pears, 

 with the exception of a few kinds, do not unite well on quinces. 

 Eesults of double grafting of pears on quince lately attempted are 

 being watched with interest. Grafting is done in spring, from March to 

 early April. Beyond this period they can unite by regrafting, which 

 is often done in May. Nurserymen cut the scions in February, but 

 they may be cut and stored in the preceding month. Shrivelled scions 

 unite rather better than newly cut ones. Stocks are grown from 

 seeds, cuttings, and layers. 



Quinces are propagated by layering, cuttings, and grafting. Yama- 

 nashi, Koringo, Pear seedlings, and quinces are used as stocks. Stocks 

 are propagated by seeds, cuttings, layers, and division. 



Pomegranates are grown from cuttings, layers, inarching, cutting- 

 grafting, and root-grafting, and the same species is used as the stock. 

 Stocks are propagated by seeds and other means. 



Kaki or Date Plums are commonly propagated by grafting, layering, 

 root-cutting, etc. * Shibukaki,' an astringent variety, and * Mamegaki ' 

 (Diospyros Lotus) are used as stocks, and seedlings of sweet varieties 

 are also available. The season of grafting begins with the beginning of 

 spring. Shoots cut for scions should be stored for some days in the 

 same manner as with apple and pear scions, but the whole of the scion 

 is never buried in the soil. Stocks are raised from seeds. They are 

 slow in growth, and require at least three years from seed to reach a 

 graftable size. 



Loquats are propagated by grafting in which Kiritsugi, splice-graft- 

 ing and cleft-grafting are commonly used. Cuttings and layers are 

 also used. Loquat and Quince are used as stocks. The scions may 

 be grafted on as soon as cut, and grafting begins on April 10. 



Citrous fruits are commonly propagated by grafting. Amongst 

 them, fingered citrons only propagate by cuttings in the open air. 

 Trifohate orange and ' Yuzu ' {Citrus Medica var. acida) are used 

 as stocks. The former has a dwarfing effect on the scion, while the 

 latter has no such influence. They are grafted by late April, just 

 before sprouting. It is necessary to graft on trifoliate oranges after 

 they have begun to bleed, but with the other kind of stocks this rule 

 does not apply. 



Peaches and nectarines are commonly propagated by grafting. 

 Lately, growers and nurserymen have adopted budding. Besides these 

 methods, cuttings, layering, inarching are occasionally, but rarely, used. 

 By grafting the results are very unsatisfactory, while by budding a ; 

 high percentage of successes is achieved. Wild peaches, peach seed- | 

 hngs, dwarf peach (' Amento '), and Japanese plums are used as 

 stocks. Amongst theni the first two have been widely used. They 

 are best grafted in March. Scions may be cut in January or in 

 February, but late-cut scions do not strike well. Stocks are raised 



