446 JOLTRNAL OF THE RO^AL HORTIC HLTHRAL SOCIETY. 



witJi flowers deep red without a trace of yellow. The plate represents 

 three very handsome large flowered forms, described as new but un- 

 named. The article is very interesting as dealing with the history of the 

 flower, its division into sections, large, intermediate and dwarf, which 

 differences, however, it appears impossible to entirely fix. It also' deals 

 with Miss Wheldale's experiments to determine the principles which 

 underlie the coloration. — C. T. D. 



Apple and Pear, Black Spot of. By D. McAlpine {Jour. Agr. 

 Vict. March 1911, pp. 184-190).— A 200-acre orchard chiefly of Yates 

 apple was first sprayed when the flower stalks were visible. The 

 formula used was 6 lb. bluestone, 4 lb. fresh quick-hme, and forty 

 gallons water ; the second spraying was given when the apples were 

 formed, at the rate of 6.4.60; the result was that the leaves were 

 beautifully clean and healthy and the fruit shapely and without 

 " spot." A ' Williams' Bon Cliretien ' pear tree was sprayed when 

 the pears were at the same stage as in the apple, and the formula 

 used was 6.4.40; the second spraying was given ten days later with 

 6.4.70; there was no spot observable on leaf or fruit even after the most 

 careful examination. — G. H. H. 



Apple and Pear Membracids, The. By H. E. Hodgkins 

 (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., New York, Tech. Bull. 17; Dec. 1910; 8 plates, 

 bibhography). — Ceresa taurina Fitch, and C. horealis Fairm. oviposit 

 between the bud scales of the apple ; but this seems to have no detri- 

 mental influence on the development of the buds. G. huhahis ovi- 

 posits in the bark of the young wood and is the most destructive 

 membracid or tree-hopper. Apple and pear trees which are attacked 

 by it are often stunted in growth and the branches weakened by con- 

 tinual scarification. These injuries are often aggravated by destructive 

 fungi and insects which find lodgment in the wounds. 



Clean cultivation by destroying the host plants of the nymphs is the 

 most -practical and efficient remedy for the prevention of injury by the 

 tree-hoppers. — V. G. J. 



Apple 'Anise.' By F. Turetschek [Oesier. Gart. Zeit. vol. vi. 

 pt. 2, pp. 55-56; 1 fig.). — This apple is largely cultivated on the Elbe. 

 It bears fruit of medium size, ripe in October, which will keep till April. 

 The fruit is juicy and aromatic. The tree only succeeds in a sheltered 

 position. — S. E. W. 



Apple Growers, Sug-g-estions for Rhode Island. By A. E. j 



Stone (U.S.A. St. Bd. Rhode Island, Abs. from Bcporl, 1909; 21 | 

 plates; 22 figs.). — This deals with the whole subject from the selection j 

 of the site to the marketing of the fruit. It is well-known that 

 individual trees of the same variety vary greatly in their productivity 

 and other important points, and emphasis is laid upon the value of pro- 

 curing trees which have been raised from scions selected from trees 



