NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



473 



Q. alba, Q. densiflora, Q. densiflora var. echinoides, Q. Emoryl, Q. Gam- 

 helii, Q. lohata, Q. marilandica, Q. rubra, Q. californica. Q. coccinea, 

 Q. plielbs, Q. pinus, Q. texana, Q. velutina, Q. undulata, Q. Michauxii, 

 Q. minor, Q. virginiana, and Castanopsis chrysophylla. Uredospores 

 from Q. rubra produced abundant infection on other species of oak. 

 Teleutospores inoculated into wounds produced galls on Pinus divari- 

 cata, P. virginiana, P. ponderosa, P. Murrayana, and P. sylvestris. 

 Inoculations without previous wounding were unsuccessful, and no 

 . galls followed inoculation in Pinus Strobus. Witch's brooms were 

 produced on some pines. 



Peridermiuw- Harknessii is morphologically indistinguishable from 

 P. cerebrum, but attempts to inoculate oaks with the spores were un- 

 successful. 



In nature inoculation of the pine takes place through wounds made 

 by insects. ^ — F. J. C. 



Phaedranassa Carmioli (Bot. Mag. tab. 8356). — Costa Rica. 



Nat. ord. Amaryllidaceae ; tribe, Amarylleae. Herb, globose bulb, 

 2-3 inches wide; leaves, 1-3 appearing with flowers; scape, 2 feet high, 

 perianth, narrowly funnel-shaped, flower two-thirds scarlet, upper 

 third green with yellow margins. — G. H. 



PhalaenopsiS *Hebe.' By G. T. Grignan (Rev. Hort., July 1, 

 1911, pp. 304-6; coloured plate and several woodcuts). — The article is 

 interesting as dealing with numerous successful hybrids but particu- 

 larly so as illustrating pictorially the slow development of the seed after 

 germination. — G. T. D. 



Pieea excelsa nidiformis. By E. Gienapp (Oester. Gart. Zeii 

 vol. vi. pt. 3, pp. 100-102 ; 1 fig.). — This dwarf pine is distinct in 

 growth and appearance from all others. It is attractive as an isolated 

 specimen on the lawn or as a member of a group of bushes. — S. E. W. 



Plant Diseases, Remedies for. By K. Schechner (Oe.ster. Gart. 

 ■Zeit. vol. vi. pt. 2, pp. 64-72, and pt. 3, pp. 105-106).— Flowers of 

 sulphur and Bordeaux mixture are good fungicides ; the former should 

 be applied when the sun shines. Bordeaux mixture is improved by the 

 addition of sugar or molasses. A useful insecticide is prepared by dis- 

 solving Ij: lb. of soft soap in 10 gallons of hot water and adding 

 f pint of tobacco extract to the mixture. Diseased plants must be 

 burnt. Seedlings must be carefully hardened off before planting out 

 and be disinfected with sulphur or Bordeaux mixture. Plants which 

 act as hosts to pests should be excluded from the garden. — S. E. W. 



Plant Diseases, Resistance and Immunity in. By E. M. 



{Freeman (Phytopathology, I, 4, pp. 109-115; Aug. 1911).— The 

 ! author points out the variation in degrees, of parasitism met with 

 i and the popular misconceptions with regard to disease resistance and 

 I immunity. Resistance is a property residing in the protoplasm, and 



