NOTES AND ABSTEACTS. 



483 



usually made in a washtub or half-barrel, one of these is filled three- 

 fourths full with dry bran, and to this is added about 5 lb. of arsenic 

 which is thoroughly stirred through the bran with a spade or shovel; 

 5 lb. of sugar are next thrown into a pail, which is then filled with 

 water, and the sugar stirred until it is dissolved, when the sugar-water 

 is added to the bran and arsenic, and the three well stirred. More 

 water is added and the stirring continued until every portion of the 

 mash becomes thoroughly saturated. The mixture should be placed 

 around and through the crop, or at the foot of the tree, plant, or 

 shrub infested, dropping it into the shade when this can be done. This 

 preparation should be kept out of the way of children and domestic 

 animals. 



Another method is to dip bundles of any weed or vegetable into a 

 strong mixture of Paris green 1 oz. to a bucket of water, and place 

 these between the rows of the Infested crop. The caterpillars eat the 

 poisoned plants, bury themselves and die.— C. H. H. 



Tea. By A. E. Erlbeck {Oester. Gart. Zeit. vol. vi. pt. i., pp. 

 18-22). — Tea plants are manured with oil cake in China and with dried 

 fish and crushed mustard seed in Japan. The cultivation of tea is no 

 longer confined to China, India and G*^eylon, but is carried on success- 

 fully in Japan, Java, Natal, and the Caucasus. Probably 6,000,000,000 

 bushes are required to provide the tea consumed annually. — S. E. W. 



ThrixspePmum. By E. Schlechter {Orchis, vol. v. pt. iii., pp. 

 46-48, and pt. iv. , pp. 54-58). — The genus Thrixspermum differs from 

 Sarcochilus by having a fixed labellum. The flowers appear one at a 

 time and only last a day. Members of this family are distributed 

 throughout the monsoon region, they are found at sea level and in 

 mountainous districts at 3,000 feet altitude. They are frequently 

 found in flower, growing on young branches of trees. The genus is 

 divided into three sections, Orsidice, Dendrocolla, and KatocoUa. In 

 the last class the plants hang down and bear few flowers.— 5*. E. W. 



Tobacco, Cig-ar-leaf Production of, in Pennsylvania. By W. 



Frear and E. K. Hibshman (U'.iS'.A. Dep. Agr., Farmers' Bull. 416, 

 Oct. 18, 1910; figs.). — 'A detailed account of the tobacco-growing 

 , industry in the State of Pennsylvania, the third largest grower of the 

 crop among the States of N. America, as regards acreage, yield, and 

 value. The climate of Pennsylvania exercises a very marked influence 

 on the character of the plant and is dominant over that of soil and 

 heredity. All imported varieties, no matter what their origin, soon 

 I develop the characteristic Pennsylvanian long broad leaf and mild 

 ! flavour and aroma. The bulletin describes all the processes of raising, 

 transplanting, cultivating, harvesting, curing, and handling, and is 

 fully illustrated.— Af. L. H. 



Trees, Care of Historic or Remarkable {Jour. Soc. Nat. Hort. 

 Fr., ser. iv. , vol. xi. p. 586; Oct. 1910). — Steps are being taken by 



I I 'A, 



