612 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



are produced in the axils. The plant is not hardy, but requires cool 

 greenhouse treatment. The bulbs should be well ripened off after 

 growth ceases, and water withheld until they again begin to grow. 



H. R. D. 



Anthocyanin, on the formation of. By M. Wheldale {Jour. 

 Gen., i. 2; pp. 133-158; May 1911). — ^The authoress believes, and gives 

 evidence for her belief, that the formation of anthocyanin from a 

 chromogen depends upon two processes in which at least two different 

 enzymes are involved. The local appearance of pigment depends in 

 anthocyanic plants upon local variation in the concentration of sugars 

 and glucosides in the tissues. The bearing of the question upon 

 Mendelian factors is considered. — F. J. C. 



Aphelinus diaspidis, Howard. By H. J. Quayle (Jour. Econ. 

 Entom., iii., pt. 3, pp. 398-401; Oct. 1910).— This parasite of the 

 orange scale {Chrysomphalus aurantii, Mask.), while not destroying 

 large numbers of the insects on which it preys, is by far the com- 

 monest parasite of its host. It is described and its life-history detailed. 

 The orange scale is a pest of Citrus treos in America. — F. J. C. 



Aphididae of Illinois, List and Notes on. By J. J. Davis 

 (Jour. Econ. Entom., iii. 5; pp. 407-420; plates). — A list with host 

 pl^ants and descriptions of some of the species. — F. J. C. 



Aphididae, Plant-louse Notes. By C. P. Gillette (Jour. Econ. 

 Entom., iii. 5; pp. 403-407; Oct. 1910). — Contains notes with sketches 

 of antennae of a number of aphides found in various parts of the 

 United States.— i^. J. C. 



Apple-grrowing in New England: Orchard Management. 



By C. D. Jarvis (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Conn., Bull 66; March 1911; 



35 figs.). — This bulletin is intended rather for the general farmer than ' 



for the specialized apple-grower. The writer considers that the apple f 



orchard of five or ten acres, when regarded as a component part of the i 



farm system and properly cared for accordingly, is the ideal condition, ! 



and that fruit can be produced much cheaper if certain other crops are | 

 grown, or if some kind of live-stock is kept, so that labour, teams, and 



tools can be utilized to better advantage throughout the year. — A. P. '' 



Apple-growing" in New England : Planting. By C. D. Jarvis \ 

 (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Conn., Bull. 62; Feb. 1910; 27 figs.).— Many 



stock-raisers, dairymen, and general farmers in the Eastern States are i 



finding their respective lines of business less profitable than formerly, ; 



and in looking around for a more remunerative line of endeavour have i 



decided upon fruit-growing. This bulletin is intended for such, many ! 



of whom are unfamiliar with the first principles of fruit-growing. | 



For raising trees the usual practice is to graft, or bud, seedlings that j 

 have been raised from the pomace from the cider press. It is recom- 



